Renal Transplant

Question 1

which blood gorups are compatible for renal transplant?

Answer 1

Question 2

how many HLA types will one person have?

Answer 2

6

there are 2 of A, B and DR

one inherited from either parent

Question 3

Name two examples of calcineurin inhibitors

what is the mechanism of action?

what are they side effects?

Answer 3

•Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus
•
•Act by inhibiting activation of T helper cells
•
–Reduce NK cells activation
–Reduce Cytotoxic T cell activation
–
–Decrease cytokine release so prevent B cell proliferation and antibody production

Side effects-Renal Dysfunction, Hypertension, Diabetes, Tremors
•
•Metabolised by cytochrome p450 so lots of drug interactions

Question 4

what is the mechanism of Azathioprine and Mycophenolate?

What are the side effects?

What should azathioprine never be combined with?

Answer 4

•Antimetabolites by blocking purine synthesis
•Leads to suppression of proliferation of lymphocytes and B cells
•
•Side effects- Leucopaenia, Anaemia, GI side effects
•
•Less drug interactions
–Azathioprine and allopurinol BAD

Question 5

what drugs are used in immunosuppression for renal transplant?

Answer 5

Azathioprine and Mycophenolate, steroids and tacrolimus