Microbiology Flashcards
Why is E coli the commenest cause of UTI?
it is the commonest aerobe in the bowel
what antibiotics are given to treat pyelonephritis?
by the GP
and in hospital
GP- Co-amoxiclav
Hospital- Amoxicillin (cotrimoxazole if allergic) and gentomycin
what would be a silly antibiotic to give for a UTI?
erythromycin because it is excreted via the liver
how is chlamydia investigated?
self-taken vulvovaginal swab then PCR
what is Kass’s criteria?
used to determine whether a urine sample contains enough bacteria for a UTI
•>10^5 organisms / ml
–significant =probable UTI
•<10^3 organisms / ml
–not significant bacteriuria
•10^4 organisms / ml
–?contaminated ?infection - repeat specimen
•CAUTION - these criteria apply to women of childbearing age
what conditions can UTIs cause in pregnancy?
Pyelonephritis, premature labour, and growth retardation
what antibiotic should not be used during the 1st trimester of pregnancy?
trimethoprim
when should you not send a urine specimen to the lab?
when it’s not cloudy
what is the treatment for abacterial cystitis
paracetamol
sodium bicarbonate
plenty of water
cranberry juice
within what timeframe should a urine sample in a sterile universal container reach the lab?
2 hours
what is the red capped container?
a boiricon container
has preservatives in it
what antibiotics are ESBL bacteria resitant to and what antibiotics might act against them?
All penecillins and cefalosporins don’t work against extended spectrum beta lactamse
nitofurantoin and meropenum may be effective against them
How long is a course of antibiotics for treating an uncomplicated UTI in women?
3 days is usually enough
