histology Flashcards
what is the name of the cells found in the specialised epithelium which lies on top of the glomerular capillaries?
What is the name of the cells that prduce a connective tissue core and remove debris?
podocytes
mesangial cells
Thin walled blood vessels dip down into the medulla from above and then climb back up to the cortex. These loops of blood vessels are collectively called the ….
vasa recta
what’s the difference between the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule?
proximal convoluted tubule is lined with microvilli
In the cortex, the collecting ducts, along with the straight segments of the proximal and distal tubules are gathered together in parallel bundles running perpendicular to the surface of the kidney and called…..
medullary rays
describe the 3 components of the juxtaglomerular apperatus
- Macula densa: On the side of the distal convoluted tubule nearest the afferent arteriole the cells of the DCT are taller, crowded together and the nuclei are intensely stained. Believed to function in sensing ion composition in the DCT.
- Juxtaglomerular cells: Modified smooth muscle cells in wall of the afferent arteriole. These cells contain/secrete renin.
- Extraglomerular mesangial cells (lacis cells): Modified mesangial cells extending outside of the renal corpuscle. Their exact function is unknown.
Almost all of the conducting parts of the urinary tract are lined by a special epithelium called ……. It is stratified and found in 3-6 cell layers. The cells at the luminal surface are called ……
transitional epithelium or urothelium
umbrella cells
what lies between the urothelium and muscularis externa?
Lamina propria (fibroelastic connective tissue)
describe the epithelium of the penile urethra?
stratified columnar epithelium which becomes stratified squamous near the tip of the penis
