Renal System Flashcards
What are the six functions of the kidneys?
- ) Regulate volume of extracellular fluid
- ) Regulate electrolyte (balance)
- ) Excrete waste products
- ) Produce Erythropoetin
- ) Activate Vitamin D
- ) Help regulate blood pressure
What is one of the things that kiendy failures can cause?
Anemia
What does the nephron put into the urine to get rid of it?
Creatinine
Hydrogen Ions
If someone is in kidney failure, what do you restrict in their diet and why?
Restrict Protein because a byproduct of it is Nitrogen, which is toxic to the brain
What is absorbed that is pulled back to the bloodstream from the kidneys and what is the percentage of each pulled back?
Electrolytes - 80%
Glucose - 100%
Amino Acids - 100%
What does the parathyroid hormone do?
Released when Ca2+ is too low and it helps reabsorbs it back into the bloodstream from the kidneys
If blood pressure pressure is too low, what does the body do?
Hypothalamus Releases ADH to retain fluids
How does the kidneys get rid of Nitrogen in the body?
Hydrogen ions bind with Nitrogen, creates Ammonia from it, and pees it out
What is a complicated UTI?
Is Systemic and affects above the bladder
What is an uncomplicated UTI?
Is Local and affects only below the bladder
What is the difference between acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure?
Short term but Gets Better
WHAT IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF DEATH of ACUTE RENAL FAILRUE (AFR)?
Why?
Infection
Uremia is associated with immune dysfunction characterized by immunodepression
FACT: If anything effects cardiac output, it will affect the kidneys.
FACT: Half of those with ARF (acute renal failure) will have normal urine output, the other half will be oliguric (< 400cc/day)
What occurs with K+ when the kidnesy fail? Why?
Potassium Increases because kidneys used to pee out K+ but stopped working
