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Board Review > renal remediation > Flashcards

renal remediation Flashcards

1
Q

anion gap metabolic acidosis

A

MUDPILES

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2
Q

TRH or TSH from hypothalamus

A

TRH

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3
Q

stimulates release of ACTH

A

CRF

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4
Q

PIF

A

inhibits prolactin release - hypothalamic hormone

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5
Q

peptide hormone stimulatingcell repro, growth etc

A

GH

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6
Q

from hypothalamus stimulating GH

A

GHRH

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7
Q

function of GnRH

A

release of LH and FSH

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8
Q

most common cause of nephritic syndrome

A

bergers

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9
Q

recurrent gross or microscopic hematuria

A

bergers

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10
Q

gross hematuria post URI

A

bergers

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11
Q

IgA deposits in the mesangium of glomerulus

A

bergers

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12
Q

collecting duct function

A

water reabsorption and sodium retention via ATPase

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13
Q

cells that actively reabsorb sodium in the CD

A

principle cells

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14
Q

tumor associated with excessive ACTH and cushings

A

small cell carcinoma of the lung

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15
Q

indication the small cell ca is cause of cushings syndrome

A

hypercortisolism that is not suppressed by low or high dexamethazone tests

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16
Q

cushings disease only refers to hypercortisolism by

A

ant pit

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17
Q

doesnt respond to dexamethasone

A

small cell cancer, primary adrenal hypercortisolism

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18
Q

most common endogenous cushings

A

pituitary adenoma

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19
Q

most common cause of cushings overall

A

iatrogenic

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20
Q

connection btwn cortisol and DM

A

hypercortisol = decreased insulin sensitivity

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21
Q

tests for cushings syndrome

A

24 hr free urine cortisol, dexamethasone suppression test

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22
Q

cystinuria

A

defect in aa transport in the proximal tubule

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23
Q

cystine

A

two cysteine bound by sulfide

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24
Q

cyanide on cystine

A

breaks disulfide bond

25
Q

sodium nitroprusside

A

turns cysteine fluid red/purple

26
Q

cystinuria stones

A

staghorn

27
Q

complication of DIC

A

renal failure

28
Q

hormones that act on distal tubule

A

aldosterone and vassopressin

29
Q

parathyroid hormone effect at DT

A

Ca reabsorption

30
Q

lysogeny

A

infection with a prophage that contained coding for the toxin

31
Q

accumulation of ceramide trihexoside from deficiency of alpha galactosidase A.

A

fabry’s

32
Q

common cause of death in Fabry’s

A

end stage renal failure in 3rd decade - proteinuria

33
Q

possitive or basic aa transport defect

A

cystinuria

34
Q

nuetral aa transport deficiency in GI and kidneys

A

hartnup

35
Q

vitamin deficiency of hartnup

A

niacin - pellagra

36
Q

ANP released from where

A

aorta - inresponse to HTN

37
Q

ANP action

A

vasodilator, and (inhibits renin)

38
Q

dehydropeptidase 1 inhibitor

A

cilastatin

39
Q

carbapenems

A

imipramine and meropenem

40
Q

common side effects of carbepenems

A

GI distress (NVD) and skin rash

41
Q

tx of drug overdose of aspirin or barbiturates

A

Mannitol

42
Q

C3 nephritic factor

A

type 2 membranoproliferative GN - binds and stabilizes C3 convertase - hypocomplementemia

43
Q

another name for type 2 MPGN

A

dense deposite disease

44
Q

PCOS

A

polycystic ovary syndrome - tx metformin

45
Q

symptoms of hypercalcemia

A

bones, stones, abdominal groans, and psychiatric overtones

46
Q

normal BUN:creatinine ratio

A

10-20 - also postrenal failure

47
Q

BUN:Cr > 20

A

prerenal failure

48
Q

BUN:Cr < 10

A

intrinsic renal failure

49
Q

causes of acute prerenal injury

A

decreased CO, overdiuresis, cardiogenic shock

50
Q

albuminuria in a child that has just overcome flu

A

minimal change disease

51
Q

Minimal change in adults

A

hodgkins lymphoma

52
Q

nonenzymatic glycosylation of vascular BM resulting in hyaline arteriosclerosis

A

diabetic glomerulonephropathy

53
Q

type 4 collagen deposition

A

diabetic gn

54
Q

expanding mesangium increased filtration

A

diabetic GN

55
Q

conditions associated with FSGS

A

HIV, Heroin, sickle cell, massive obesity

56
Q

sequelae of IgA nephropathy

A

FSGS

57
Q

number 1 glomerulonephritis worldwide

A

IgA /Bergers

58
Q

anion gap met acidosis

A

remember aspirin, iron, isoniazid

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