Renal/GU Flashcards
edema, hypoalbunemia, hyperlipidemia + fatty casts
nephrotic syndrome
loss of ____ on GBM causes nephrotic syndrome
negative charge
hematuria, oliguria, htn, azotemia + RBC casts
nephritic syndrome
viral URI then get nephrotic syndrome
minimal change disease
what does mut in WT1 on chromosome 11 cause
WAGR syndrome Wilms tumor Aniridia GU anomalies MR hemihypertrophy
muscle jerls with eyelid jerks + pancytopenia + abdominal/flank mass + inc urinary HVA/VMA
neuroblastoma
*N-myc amplification with proliferation of neural crest cells in adrenal
hemoptysis + hematuria
Dx? how to dx?
goodpastures due to anti-GBM Abs
renal biopsy with immunoflorecence
polydypsia and polyuria with glucosuria and aminoaciduria, rickets, type 2 RTA
fanconi syndrome with proximal tubule dysfunction leading to defective reabs of aa, bicarb, glc, phosphate
what are the diff between type 1, 2, 3, and 4 RTAs
1: distal prob = collectign duct cannot excrete H+ –> metabolic acidosis and hypoK (urinary alkaosis)
2: proximal prob= prox tubule cannot reabs bicarb –> metabolic acidosis and hypoK (urinary alkalosis)
3: does not exist
4: hyperkalemic prob = dec aldosterone or mut aldo receptor leads to metabolic acidosis (urinary acidosis)
asymptomatic in boys and girls are always “wet” with urine
low implantation of ureter (urine drips into vagina instead of bladder
distended bladder in neonate with full bladder but oliguiric
Dx, next step, and Tx
posterior urethral valves
get VCUG
surgery
UA in pt with rhabdo
hemaglobin but not RBCs
hematuria (nephritic syndrome_ + deafbess + ocular defects
Dx and genetic cause
Alport syndrome
XR mut in type 4 collagen
treatment for kidney stones
depends on size
2cm = surgery
what are the indication of dialysis in kids
AEIOU Acidosis (severe) Electrolytes (hyperK) Intoxication Overload (hypervolumemia) Uremia (BUN > 150, pericarditis)
treatment for UTI/cyctitis vs pyleo
cystitis = TMP-SMX pyleo = ceftriaxone
what is treatment for mild vesicoureteral reflux
long term abx until kid grows out of it
what do blunted calyces on IV pyelogram indicate
chronic pyelonephritis
wha is nephronia? how is it diagnosed?
between pylonephrotos and a renal abcess, Dx CT scan shows “distinct tissue” in kidney
Tx is long term abx
what type of strep causes PSGN?
GAS with strep throat, impetigo, cellulitis
is PSGN nephrotic or nephritic
nephritic
what causes micropenis
GH deficiency
what is phimosis
inability to retrat foreskin
get urology consult if > 3 yo
urethral opening on ventral vs dorsal penis
ventral hypospadia
dorsal = epispadias
