Immunodeficieny Flashcards
What is HIV confirmatory test? How does it work
Western blot. Direct visualization of abs bound to visions
When is HIV detectable by Elisa? (After exposure)
2-6 mos after exposure
Examples of primary immunodeficiencies
SCID Chronic granulomatous disease (defective macrophages) Complement def (c2 def)
Examples of secondary immunodeficiencies
HIV, DM, malnutrition, hepatic dz, scleroderma, stress
Anti retroviral therapy given to moms with HIV during pregnancy to prevent vertical transmission. When is it given?
Zidovudine. Start 2nd trimester and baby gets it after Brits to 6 wk age.
How to diagnose HIV inf in neonate? Why diff?
Baby has moms abs so Elisa will be positive. Must get HIV DNA PCR
Mom has HIV. how do you ppx treat baby?
Zidovudine birth to 6 weeks
Baby is HIV positive. Treatment?
TMP SMX starts at 6 wk.
2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (didanosine, stavidine, zidovudine)
1 protease inhibitor (indinavir, nelfinavir)
Pts with HIV should not get live vaccines when….
Cd4 ct < 15%
Why does DM cause immune dysfunction. How does this commonly present?
Hyperglycemia causes neutrophil dysfunction/ineffective chemo taxis. Cutaneous Candidiasis
Delayed umbilical cord separation
Delayed wound healing
LAD (leukocyte adhesion def)
Notable lab with LAD
Neutrophil is with wbcs >50,000
Species commonly cause in pts with LAD
Staph
Enterobacter
Candida
**skin and oral infections
Treatment for SCID
Bone marrow transplant
Wide set eyes, prominent nose, small mandible
Cleft palate
TOF or VSD
Genetic abn?
Digeorge 22q11
