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Anatomy > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

0
Q

Ion reg.

A

Na,K, Cl,Ca,phosphate

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1
Q

Kidney functions

A

Ion reg.,pH,vol.,pressure,osmolarity,hormones,blood glucose,excretion of wastes

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2
Q

Ph reg.

A

Excretes hydrogen and conserves bicarb

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3
Q

Reg. of blood volume

A

Eliminates or conserves water

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4
Q

Reg. of bp

A

Secretes renin and which activates renin angiotensin aldosterone pathway, causes increase in bp

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5
Q

Hormones

A
  1. )Releases calcitrol (vit. d). Regulates calcium homeostasis
    2) erythropoietin rbc production
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6
Q

Reg. of glucose

A

Can use gluconeogenesis to produce glucose from glutamine.

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7
Q

Excretion of waste

A

Uri. Acid. bilirubin, creatinine, drugs, toxins, plasma free hgb.

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8
Q

Kidney size

A

10-12 cm. long, 5-7 cm. wide , 3cm thick. Weigh about 135-150 grams

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9
Q

Renal capsule

A

Deepest layer. Smooth transparent layer. Continuous with outer cover of ureter. Provides barrier and protection from trauma. Helps maintain shape.

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10
Q

Adipose capsule

A

Middles layer, fatty tissue surrounding renal capsule, protects kidney and holds it into place.

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11
Q

Renal fascia

A

Dense irregular connective tissue, anchors kidney to abdominal walls and other structures.

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12
Q

Renal hilum or hilus contains

A

Ureter, lymphatics, blood vessels, nerves

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13
Q

Renal medulla

A

Several cone shaped pyramids. The wider end or base faces the renal cortex and the apex faces the hilum

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14
Q

Renal cortex

A

Superficial and light red area. Smooth textured. Areas between medullas are part of cortex called columns

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15
Q

Renal lobe

A

Renal pyramid plus half of column

16
Q

Parenchyma

A

Functional part of kidney. Functional part of kidney.

17
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of kidney. About 1 million per kidney

18
Q

Percentage of body mass.

A

.5%

19
Q

Percentage of CO

A

20-25% about 1200 ml/min.

20
Q

Renal artery divides into

A

Segmental arteries which supply a segment of kidney

21
Q

Segmental branch into

A

Interlobar arteries which enter parenchyma through columns and at the base interlobar arteries branch into renal medulla and renal cortex called accurate arteries.

22
Q

Accurate produce

A

Interlobular arteries and pass between renal lobules. They go to cortex and branch into afferent arterioles

23
Q

Each nephron receives

A

One afferent arteriole which divide into a tangled cap network called a glomerelus

24
Q

Glomerular arterioles unite to form

A

Efferent arterioles. Glomerular caps unique because they are between two arterioles

25
Q

Efferent arterioles further divide to form

A

Peritubular caps. Which surround tubular parts of nephron in cortex

26
Q

Vasa recta

A

Supply tubular parts of nephron in medulla

27
Q

Parts of nephron

A

Renal corpuscle Where plasma is filtered. Made up of glomerulus and glomerulus capsule. Renal tubule where filtered plasma passes through.proximal and distal convoluted tubule, and the loop of henle

28
Q

Cortical nephrons

A

80-85 percent of nephrons. peri tubular caps for absorption. Have short LOH

29
Q

Juxtamedullary nephrons

A

In cortex next to medulla but have long LOH that is in medulla. Use peri tubular caps and vasa recta for absorption

30
Q

Flow through cortical nephron

A

Glomerular (bowman’s) capsule > proximal convoluted tubule > descending limb of the loop of Henle , ascending limb of LOH > distal convoluted tubule > collecting duct > papillary duct

31
Q

Flow through juxtamedullary nephron

A

Bowman capsule > proximal convoluted tubule > descending limb of LOH > thin ascending limb of LOH > thick ascending loop of LOH, distal convoluted tubule > collecting duct > papillary duct

32
Q

Rest urinary system drains from

A

Nephron to papillary duct. They go to minor calyces.

33
Q

Minor calyces

A

Receive urine from one papilla. 8-18 per kidney.

34
Q

Major calyces

A

Receive urine from minor calyces. 2-3 per kidney. They go to the ureter than the urinary bladder.

Anatomy (15 decks)

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