Renal

Question 0

What do the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney produce?

Answer 0

Renin

Question 1

What is the inheritance of gitlemans syndrome?

Answer 1

AR

Question 2

Pre renal failure?

Answer 2

1. Low Urinary Na and chloride < 20
2. High urinary urea and creatinine concentration < 20
3. High urine osmolarity > 400
4. High urine:plasma osmolarity ratio >1.8

Question 3

Intrinsic renal failure

Answer 3

1. High urinary Na and chloride concentration >40
2. Low urinary urea and creatinine concentration
3. Low urine osmolarity <350
4. Low urine:plasma osmolarity ratio 1.2

Question 4

Radio-opaque stones

Answer 4

1. Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate

2. Struvite

Question 5

Radioleucent stones

Answer 5

1. Uric acid
2. Cystine
3. Xanthine
4. Indinavir
5. Pure matrix

Question 6

Partial ureteric obstruction

Answer 6

Normal U/P ratio and low creatinine clearance

Question 7

Water depletion

Answer 7

Low urine Na and high U/P ratio

Question 8

Acute cortical necrosis

Answer 8

High urine NA and low U/P ratio