CVS

Question 0

What causes increase in blood flow in muscles?

Answer 0

1. Fall in tissue pO2
2. Rise in tissue pCO2
3. Accumulation of K and vasodilator metabolites (such as bradykinin)

Question 1

How is CO2 transported?

Answer 1

1. 20 - 30% carbamino compounds between CO2 and protein
2. 10% dissolved CO2
3. 60 -70% - HCO3 -

Question 2

What causes a decrease in CVP?

Answer 2

1. Epidural anaesthesia
2. Vasodilation
3. Sepsis

Question 3

What causes an increase in CVP?

Answer 3

1. Fluid challenge

Question 4

Where is ANP released from?

Answer 4

Released from Atrial muscle cells when atria are stretched due to increased circulating blood volume

Question 5

What does ANP do?

Answer 5

1. Decreases blood volume by inhibiting release of RAA

2. Promotes renal vasodilation

Question 6

What happens with damage to AV node?

Answer 6

1. Prolonged PR interval

Question 7

What can affect pulse oximetry readings?

Answer 7

1. Arrhythmia
2. Hypotension
3. Vasoconstriction
4. Abnormal Hb or pigments
5. Movement
6. Poor tissue perfusion