Renal Flashcards
What are the feature of nephrotic syndrome ?
Proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, hypercholesterolaemia and oedema.
What is the first line treatment for nephrotic syndrome?
Prednisone 60mg/m2 per day for 4 weeks then prednisone 40mg/m2 on alternate days for 4 weeks
How do you treat secondary hyperparathyroidism due to renal failure?
Replace calcium and vit D
Frank, painless haematuria following viral infection more likely to be what?
IgA nephropathy
What is most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
Minimal-change disease
What are the causes of nephrotic syndrome?
Minimal change disease - 80%
Membronoproliferative
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Congenital
What are features of nephrotic syndrome ?
Oedema
Abdo pain
Vomiting
Fatigue
Recent viral illness
What investigations are needed to ? Nephrotic syndrome?
Urine protein creatinine ratio
U+E FBC Lipid albumin bone profile
Urinalysis
Renal stones + amino acids in urine suggest what?
Cystinuria
What is Denys-Drash Syndrome?
Congenital nephropathy (early onset nephrotic syndrome)
Wilm’s tumour
Intersex disorders
What are basic treatments for CKD?
a-Calidol- to prevent renal osteodystrophy
Erythropoietin
Ramipril- the anti-hypertensive of choice in kids
Hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia, hypochloridaemi, raised renin, raised aldosterone and normal BP suggests what?
Bartter syndrome- if young
Gitelman syndrome- if teenager
When to image during UTI?
USS in acute illness if atypical.
Sepsis/ mass/ non-ecoli/ kidney injury/ failure to respond to antibiotics
When do DMSA?
<6M- 3yr with recurrent or atypical UTI
When do MCUG
Atypical UTI < 6 months
