Neonatology

Question 1

What organisms commonly cause conjunctivitis within the first 14 days of life?

Answer 1

Chlamydia trachomatis
Nisseria gonorrhoea

Question 2

What is the incubation period for common organisms causing neonatal conjunctivitis?

Answer 2

Gonorrhoea- 4-7 days
Chlamydia 5-14 days
Gonorrhoea generally more severe

Question 3

What test do you do if you suspect neonatal conjunctivitis?

Answer 3

Conjunctival smear for nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
Gonorrhoea / chlamydia may be clinically indistinguishable

Question 4

How large does a congenital melanocytic naevus need to be for you to be concerned?

Answer 4

> 20 cm

Question 5

How to treat large congenital melanocytic naevus?

Answer 5

Risk of cosmetic/ psychological sequelae, neurocutaneous melanosis. Urgent derm review

Question 6

What are the features of congenital myasthenia gravis?

Answer 6

Facial weakness
Ptosis
Fluctuations
Peripheral hypotonia

Question 7

Peripheral hypotonia, poor swallow and abnormal facies(triangle mouth) suggests what?

Answer 7

Congenital myotonic dystrophy

Question 8

What does peripheral nervous system weakness but a normal face suggest?

Answer 8

Spinal muscular atrophy AKA Werdnig-Hoffman disease

Question 9

Kippel-trenauney syndrome is what?

Answer 9

Pain + limb swelling swelling due to hypertrophy of bone or soft tissue. May have overlying port wine stain

Question 10

What do you need to do if a HIV +ve Mum wants to breastfeed?

Answer 10

Counsel Mum on risk of transmission
Baby to get zidovudine for 2 weeks
HIV DNA PCR