Renal Flashcards
Main function of renal system
Homeostasis of BP
Urine track
Renal papilla> minor calyx> major calyx> renal pelvis> ureters> bladder> urethra
Functional unit of kidney
Nephron= renal corpuscle + tubules
Renal corpuscle =
Renal tubules=
Glomerulus + bowmans capsule
Tubules = PCT, LOH, DCT
Kidney lobes are made of
Lobules
Interlobular arteries vs interlobar
Lobular are in between lobules
Lobar are between lobes
Podocytes surround what
Endothelial cells of vessels (SSET)
Pedicels are the foot like processes
Glomerular filtration barrier-
Pedicels + endothelial cells + shared basal lamina
Physical vs charge barrier
Physical - small molecules pass easily
Charge- + pass easily
Vasoconstriction
Caused by endothelin secretion of intraglomerular messangial cells
Angiotensin 2
Intraglomerular vs extraglomerular messangeal cells
Intraglomerular is between two caps
Endothelin for vasoconstriction
Phagocytosis
Contractile proteins
Extra regulates blood pressure
What is continuous with extraglomerular cells
Macula densa of DCT
Macula densa is highly sensitive to
NaCl concentration
Low NaCl= low blood pressure = increase in renin to increase BP = increase in angio2 = contraction of cells to decrease filtrate = increase BP
What does low NaCl concentration do
Low NaCl= low blood pressure = increase in renin to increase BP = increase in angio2 = contraction of cells to decrease filtrate = increase BP
Bowmans capsule 2 Layers and space between
Parietal= Sim squamous ET
Bowmans space between where filtrate exits to PCT
Visceral = podocytes and pedicels which are not visible in slide
PCT
Descending thick loop
Cuboidal
MVBB
Nuclei at apex bc of basal striations
Tight junctions
Resorption of water, solutes, ions
70% filtrate resorbed here
Loop of henle thin tubule
Countercurrent multiplication
Simple squamous et
Descending- water diffuses passively bc it is permeable
Ascending- water is impermeable, but follows NaCl active diffusion through osmosis > countercurrent
DCT and ascending thick LOH
Solute resorption
Shorter cells than PCT,
NO MVBB
Collecting duct
Sim columnar
Distinguishable borders
Structure of all excretory passages
Transitional et
Lamina propria- fibrous ct creates mucosal folds
Muscularis- SM layers
Adventitia- loose ct and adipose
Renin angiotensin system ADH
Principal cells vs intercalated cells of CD
Principal: Renin> angio1> angio 2> aldosterone by adrenal gland> reacts on principal cells of collecting duct
End blood results:
Removal of K from blood
Increase Na in blood- cause higher stroke volume and blood pressure
Higher H2O in blood- cause higher stroke volume and blood pressure
Intercalated: end result = blood becomes less acidic, urine becomes more acidic
ADH is a
VASOPRESSIN OR VASOCONSTRICTOR
Increase ADH= increase h2o in blood= increase BP
