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Rembe - Chapter 2 (MS) Flashcards

Medicine

1
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of Cushing’s syndrome?

Slender body type
Hypotension
Osteoarthritis
Acne

A

Acne

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2
Q

The most serious manifestation of rheumatic fever is

Renal incompetence
Hypertension
Liver malfunction
Heart disease

A

Heart disease

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3
Q

All of the following actions occur in primary hyperparathyroidism EXCEPT

a. Serum calcium increases
b. Hyperphosphatemia (increased blood serum levels of phosphates)
c. Increased calcium excretion via the kidneys
d. Calcium and phosphorus are reabsorbed from bone

A

b. Hyperphosphatemia (increased blood serum levels of phosphates)

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4
Q

Which of the following statements apply to cystic fibrosis EXCEPT

Renal disorders
Ocular complications
Peripheral neuritis
Acidosis

A

Acidosis

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5
Q

All of the following statements apply to cystic fibrosis EXCEPT

a. It is a disorder more common to children than adults
b. These patients have increased excretion of salt in the sweat
c. The disease primarily affects the pancreas
d. It results from repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis

A

d. It results from repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis

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6
Q

Injury or destruction to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland results in

Cushing’s syndrome
Frohlich’s syndrome
Acromegaly
Diabetes insipidus

A

Diabetes insipidus

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7
Q

The dominating problem of acute renal failure is

Oliguria or anuria
Anasarca
Hemoglobinuria
Myohemoglobinuria

A

Oliguria or anuria

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8
Q

The range of normal systolic blood pressure in adults is
90-100
90-110
80-120
90-140

A

90-140

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9
Q

Depressed function (hypopituitarism) of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (due to tumors, inflammation, vascular thrombosis, hemorrhage, etc.) occurring during childhood leads to or results in

Gigantism
Dwarfism and gonadal hypoplasia
Cushing’s syndrome
Acromegaly

A

Dwarfism and gonadal hypoplasia

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10
Q

The P-wave of an EKG corresponds to which of the following?

Mitral depolarization
Atrial depolarization
Mitral repolarization
Atrial repolarization

A

Atrial repolarization

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11
Q

The T-wave of an EKG is generated by

Ventricular repolarization
Ventricular depolarization
Atrial depolarization
Atrial repolarization

A

Ventricular repolarization

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12
Q

A symptom of hypokalemia is

No muscle weakness
Alertness
Cardiac irregularities
No abdominal distention

A

Cardiac irregularities

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13
Q

Adams-stokes syndrome is associated with the onset of

Atrial flutter
Sinus arrhythmia
Thyrotoxic heart disease
Serious degree of heart block

A

Serious degree of heart block

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14
Q

Which of the following conditions may produce circulatory collapse?

Anoxia
Coronary thrombosis
Pulmonary embolism
All of the above

A

All of the above

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15
Q

Which of the following conditions heralds the onset of scleroderma or lupus erythematosus?

Thromboangiitis obliterans
Raynaud’s syndrome
Erythromelalgia
Acrocyanosis

A

Raynaud’s syndrome

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16
Q

The most susceptible time for injury to the fetal cardiovascular system in producing congenital defects to this system is between

a. Conception and the twenty-first day
b. Twenty-first and fortieth days
c. Fortieth and sixtieth days
d. Third and sixth months

A

b. Twenty-first and fortieth days

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17
Q

Frequency of polyarteritis nodosa occurs with patients who have history of

Ischemic and infectious manifestation
No allergic manifestation
No cardiac Manifestation
No circulatory manifestation

A

Ischemic and infectious manifestation

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18
Q

A disease characterized by dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles is

Emphysema
Bronchiectasis
Spondylitis
Endocarditis

A

Bronchiectasis

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19
Q

A disease in which the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles are dilated beyond their normal size is

Emphysema
Bronchiectasis
Spondylitis
Endocarditis

A

Emphysema

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20
Q

Complications of diabetes mellitus that is not properly treated include

Acidosis and coma
Arteriosclerosis
Peripheral neuritis
All of the above

A

All of the above

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21
Q

Thromboangiitis obliterans occurs in or involves

Arteries only
Veins only
Both arteries and veins
Neither arteries nor veins

A

Both arteries and veins

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22
Q

Intermittent claudication in the lower extremities

Buerger’s disease
Raynaud’s disease
Still’s disease
Pott’s disease

A

Buerger’s disease

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23
Q

Raynaud’s syndrome involves

Small arteries
Veins
Both arteries and veins
Neither arteries nor veins

A

Small arteries

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24
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis may develop from

Pneumococci
Gonococci
Streptococci
All of the above

A

All of the above

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25
Q

The action of digitalis on a patient with a chronic congestive heart failure

a. Increases the strength of the contraction
b. Increases heart rate
c. Decreases strength of the contraction
d. Does not affect heart rate

A

a. Increases the strength of the contraction

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26
Q

Peritonitis is often associated with

Crohn’s disease
Myocardial infarction
The postoperative state
All of the above

A

Crohn’s disease

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27
Q

Clinical features characterized by rheumatoid arthritis in its later stages include

a. Muscular hypertrophy
b. Contractures of soft tissues
c. Radial deviation of fingers
d. Enlargement of heberden’s nodes

A

b. Contractures of soft tissues

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28
Q

Which of the following conditions would present a blood picture of erythrocytosis?

Congenital cardiac disease
Acute pulmonary fibrosis
Chronic renal disease
Chronic hepatic disease

A

Congenital cardiac disease

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29
Q

Clinical features of anemia may include

Tachycardia
Paresthesias
Anorexia
All of the above

A

All of the above

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30
Q

In considering the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis

a. It has an abrupt and sudden onset
b. It affects males more frequently than females
c. The average age of onset is before 40
d. It mainly affects the smaller more peripheral joints

A

d. It mainly affects the smaller more peripheral joints

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31
Q

Clinically, necrosis of which of the following is referred to as myocardial infarction?

Myocardium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Right atrium

A

Myocardium

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32
Q

Buerger-Allen exercises are

a. Specific for certain postural deformities
b. Specific for obliterative vascular disease
c. Given to constrict the blood supply to the lower extremities
d. Specific for mobilization of lumbar fascial contractures

A

b. Specific for obliterative vascular disease

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33
Q

A clinical feature of Graves’ disease is

Atrophied thyroid gland
Exophthalmos
Myxedema
A tachycardia that disappears during sleep

A

Exophthalmos

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34
Q

Which of the following conditions are associated with hypothyroidism in children?

Cushing’s syndrome
Addisons’s disease
Cretinism
Exophthalmos

A

Cretinism

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35
Q

Hemophilia is characterized by

a. A deficiency of blood platelets
b. Certain defects of the capillary endothelium
c. Being a hereditary disease transmitted by the male
d. A greatly increased coagulation time

A

d. A greatly increased coagulation time

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36
Q

Hypercalciuria may develop in

Paraplegia
Paget’s disease
Inactivity following severe injuries
All of the above

A

All of the above

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37
Q

Lymphadenoma (Hodgkin’s disease) is characterized by

a. An abrupt clinical onset
b. A progressive infiltration of the bone marrow by lymphocytes
c. Narrowing of lymphoid tissues
d. A progressive painless enlargement of lymphoid tissue

A

d. A progressive painless enlargement of lymphoid tissue

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38
Q

Myocardial ischemic attacks can subside if a balance is secured between oxygen and

Demand
Supply
Supply and demand
CO2

A

Supply and demand

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39
Q

Dressler’s syndrome with pleuropericardial pain is

Pre-myocardial infarct
Mid-myocardial infarct
Post-myocardial infarct
Myocardial infarct

A

Post-myocardial infarct

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40
Q

What is the most common form of arrhythmia?

Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular premature beats
Ventricular ectopic beats

A

Ventricular premature beats

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41
Q

In comparing herpes zoster and chickenpox (varicella)

The average incubation period is similar
The viruses for these two diseases are related
Cross-immunization is produced
Antibiotics are of value for herpes but not varicella

A

From Answer Key: the viruses are related

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42
Q

Which of the following conditions Is caused by pneumococcal infections?

Lobar pneumonia
Meningitis
Otitis media
All of the above

A

All of the above

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43
Q

The closure of the mitral valve occurs when

a. Left atrial pressure equals left ventricular pressure
b. Left atrial pressure exceeds aortic pressure
c. Left atrial pressure exceeds left ventricle pressure
d. Left ventricular pressure exceeds left atrial pressure

A

d. Left ventricular pressure exceeds left atrial pressure

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44
Q

Herpes simplex may occur with

Q fever
Psittacosis
Lobar pneumonia
Influenza

A

Lobar pneumonia

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45
Q

Symptoms of thromboangiitis obliterans include

Ischemia
Intermittent claudication
Cold extremities
All of the above

A

All of the above

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46
Q

One of the early symptoms of mitral stenosis is

a. Angina
b. Arthopnea
c. Palpitations dyspnea with exertion

A

c. Palpitations dyspnea with exertion

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47
Q

All of the following statements apply to staphylococci EXCEPT

a. Most strains are nonpathogenic
b. Most infections occur in the skin
c. It easily becomes resistant to penicillin
d. It does not invade the blood stream

A

d. It does not invade the blood stream

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48
Q

The numbers of pairs of chromosomes in every normal cell, except in mature ova and spermatozoa, is

23
24
28
46

A

23

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49
Q

A disease in which the lesion may be indistinguishable from pulmonary tuberculosis is

Pneumoconiosis
Metastatic adenocarcinoma
Cryptococcosis
Coccidiodomycosis

A

Coccidiodomycosis

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50
Q

A disease of children with clinical and pathological features of rheumatoid arthritis is

Spondylitis ankylopoietica
Rheumatic fever
Polyarteritis nodosa
Stills’s disease

A

Stills’s disease

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51
Q

All of the following are signs and symptoms of a post-operative thrombophlebitis of the leg EXCEPT

Aching of extremity
Oral temperature of 103°F
Positive Homan’s sign
Pain of superficial vein

A

Oral temperature of 103°F

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52
Q

Acromegaly is caused by a tumor of

Adrenal cortex
Adrenal medulla
Posterior lobe of pituitary gland
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland

A

Anterior lobe of pituitary gland

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53
Q

The most important factor in contributing to or determining blood pressure at any given moment is

Blood volume
Blood viscosity
Arteriolar tone
Competence of the aortic valve

A

Arteriolar tone

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54
Q

The chief physiological defect of the diabetes insipidus syndrome is lack of

a. Insulin from the pancreatic islets of Langerhans
b. The oxytocic factor of the posterior pituitary
c. The antidiuretic factor of the posterior pituitary
d. The thyrotropic hormone of the anterior pituitary

A

c. The antidiuretic factor of the posterior pituitary

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55
Q

The most common lesion caused by hydrochloric acid is

Gastritis
Duodenal ulcer
Peptic ulcer
Gastric ulcer

A

Peptic ulcer

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56
Q

A postoperative complication called the dumping syndrome may occur following

a. Surgery for duodenal ulcer
b. Partial or total gastrectomy
c. Repair of sliding hiatal hernia
d. Surgery for Meckel’s diverticulum

A

b. Partial or total gastrectomy

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57
Q

The etiology of diabetes mellitus is

Deficiency of glucagon
Deficiency of thyroxin
Deficiency of adrenocortical hormones
Deficiency in insulin

A

Deficiency of insulin

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58
Q

The sprue syndrome is characterized by all of the following conditions EXCEPT

Osteomalacia
Steatorrhea
Macrocytic anemia
Impaired absorption from intestinal tract

A

Osteomalacia

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59
Q

The basic problem of Cushing’s syndrome is

Hypopituitarism
Hyperpituitarism
Hyperaldosteronism
Adrenal cortical hyperfunction

A

Adrenal cortical hyperfunction

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60
Q

Which of the following infections may produce an associated acute myocarditis?

Influenza
Coccidioidomycosis
Trichinosis
All of the above

A

All of the above

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61
Q

Cardiac tamponade is a clinical feature of

Diphtheritic heart disease
Pulmonary congestion
Cor pulmonale
Pericarditis with effusion

A

Pericarditis with effusion

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62
Q

Acromegaly is

Insidious in onset
A disease of adult life
An endocrine disorder
All of the above

A

All of the above

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63
Q

All of the following are initial treatments for thrombophlebitis EXCEPT

Lower extremity elevated
Warm, moist compresses
Leg exercises
Anticoagulant therapy

A

Leg exercises

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64
Q

In comparing the clinical features of cerebral artery thrombosis with cerebral embolism, the former

a. Presents an abrupt onset with rapidly developing symptoms
b. Usually includes a sudden loss of consciousness
c. Includes more generalized disturbance of cerebral function
d. Has the most common site of occlusion in the internal carotid artery

A

d. Has the most common site of occlusion in the internal carotid artery

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65
Q

Symptoms of cystitis are

Diminished urination
Dysuria
Oliguria
Anuria

A

Dysuria

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66
Q

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath is known as

Total lung capacity
Tidal volume
Vital capacity
Inspiratory capacity

A

Tidal volume

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67
Q

Which of the following conditions presents an abrupt onset?

Cerebral embolism
Intracerebral pressure
Cerebral artery thrombosis
Cerebral atherosclerosis

A

Cerebral embolism

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68
Q

In differentiating the endocrine disorders of gigantism and acromegaly, which of the following statements apply?

a. Both disorders are caused by tumors of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
b. Acromegaly is caused by a tumor of the adrenal cortex
c. Acromegaly is a disease of infancy
d. Hypofunctioning tumors of the pituitary gland

A

a. Both disorders are caused by tumors of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

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69
Q

Which of the following statements applies to primary hypertension?

a. Not a hereditary disease
b. More common among people who exist on high sodium diets
c. More common among whites than blacks
d. More common with slender body types

A

d. More common with slender body types

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70
Q

Possible problems that may present themselves in paraplegia are

Renal calculi
Nephrocalcinosis
Renal insufficiency
All of the above

A

All of the above

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71
Q

A patient with known diabetes mellitus is presenting with diabetic acidosis. Which of the following symptoms are indicative of acidosis?

a. Fruity odor to the breath
b. Lips and cheeks are cyanotic
c. Patient has shallow breathing
d. Patient is not dehydrated

A

a. Fruity odor to the breath

72
Q

The method of treatment of polycythemia vera should be aimed at

a. Restoring the total white blood cell count
b. Relieving the pulmonary congestion
c. Lowering the blood volume
d. Increasing the tendency for thrombotic activity of the blood

A

c. Lowering the blood volume

73
Q

Which of the following conditions may be associated with cystic fibrosis (fibocystic disease) of the pancreas?

Chronic bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Pancreatic insufficiency
All of the above

A

All of the above

74
Q

Physiological actions of epinephrine include

Increased heart rate
Peripheral vasolidation
Vasoconstriction of cardiac muscle blood vessels
Decreased blood pressure

A

Increased heart rate

75
Q

Which of the following is known as the amount of air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation?

Residual volume
Total lung capacity
Functional capacity
Tidal volume

A

Residual volume

76
Q

A patient with an increased blood pressure in the arms but a normal or lowered blood pressure in the legs would probably have which of the following congenital heart conditions?

Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of the aorta
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect

A

Coarctation of the aorta

77
Q

An elderly debilitated patient confined to bed is a good candidate for

Hydrothorax
Cor pulmonale
Pulmonary congestion and edema
Hypostatic pneumonia and atelectasis

A

Hypostatic pneumonia and atelectasis

78
Q

A condition in which the cardinal symptom is an abnormal fatigability of muscle is

Myotonia congenital
Myasthenia gravis
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

A

Myasthenia gravis

79
Q

Atelectasis would be more apt to accompany which of the following conditions?

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Tuberculous pneumonia
Viral pneumonia

A

Bronchopneumonia

80
Q

All of the following diseases make up the entity known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease EXCEPT

Chronic bronchitis
Acute bronchitis
Pulmonary emphysema
Bronchial asthma

A

Acute bronchitis

81
Q

Periarteritis nodosa is characterized by

a. An acute, inflammatory, necrotizing reaction that involves medium-sized arteries
b. Involvement of only the intima of the blood vessels
c. Abrupt onset
d. Involvement of the extremities in a symmetrical fashion

A

a. An acute, inflammatory, necrotizing reaction that involves medium-sized arteries

82
Q

A patient 24 hours post-abdominal surgery has a positive homan’s sign. This may indicate a potentially developing

Raynaud’s syndrome
Buerger’s disease
Thrombophlebitis
Acrocyanosis

A

Thrombophlebitis

83
Q

Pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis usually die because of

Malnutrition
Hyponatremia
Chronic pancreatitis
Recurrent pulmonary infections

A

Recurrent pulmonary infections

84
Q

The most common site for carcinomas of the large intestine is

Ascending colon
Cecum
Transverse colon
Rectum

A

Rectum

85
Q

The causative agent in the majority of cases of phylonephritis is

Streptococci
Staphylococci
Escherichia coli
Renal calculi

A

Escherichia coli

86
Q

A pulmonary fibrosis may result from inhalation of certain types of dust (silica, asbestos, etc.). The name for this condition is

Sarcoidosis
Bronchiectasis
Pneumoconiosis
Blastomycosis

A

Pneumoconiosis

87
Q

The most characteristic symptom of pulmonary emphysema is

Cough
Hemoptysis
Dyspnea
Pain

A

Dyspnea

88
Q

Which of the following pneumonia is most likely to follow a bronchial infection such as whooping cough, acute bronchitis, etc. ?

Lobar pneumonia
Staphylococcal pneumonia
Klebsiellar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia

A

Bronchopneumonia

89
Q

The most common early symptom of bronchial carcinoma is

Hemoptysis
Pain
Dyspnea
Cough

A

Cough

90
Q

The average incubation period for hydrophobia is

7-14 days
14-21 days
3-4 weeks
About 2 months

A

About 2 months

91
Q

The clinical features of acute leukemia are

a. The onset is usually abrupt but may begin insidiously
b. Rapidly advancing anemia
c. Epistaxis, spongy bleeding gums, and other hemorrhagic manifestations
d. Sore throat and necrotic ulcers in mouth or pharynx are frequent

A

d. Sore throat and necrotic ulcers in mouth or pharynx are frequent

92
Q

The number of chromosomes in each somatic cell of the human body is

23
24
46
48

A

48

93
Q

Which of the following conditions is accompanied by fever?

Systemic bacterial infection
Trauma to the brain
Hemorrhage
All of the above

A

All of the above

94
Q

Normal pH of the body fluids is

7.8
7.6
7.5
7.4

A

7.4

95
Q

Endocrine disorder after puberty leads to acromegaly. It

a. Presents symptoms of fatigue, nervousness, and weakness
b. Includes skeletal changes which progress rapidly
c. Has an insidious onset
d. Is a reversible disorder

A

c. Has an insidious onset

96
Q

Which of the following symptoms or conditions might cause a physician to suspect heart disease in a patient?

Dyspnea, palpitation, chest pain, syncope, and cough
Ketonemia
Hypochloremia
Hypokalemia

A

Hypokalemia

97
Q

Signs of coronary insufficiency include

Fever
Leukocytosis
Elevated serum blood levels
None of the above

A

None of the above

98
Q

Consider a patient in whom weight-bearing and physical activity are suddenly and drastically reduced for a lengthy period of time. Problems most likely to develop might be

Hypocalciuria
Osteoarthritis
Lowering of serum calcium
Development of renal calculi

A

Development of renal calculi

99
Q

Signs of myocardial infarction due to coronary thrombosis include

Rise in blood pressure
Tachycardia
Absence of fever
Absence of leukocytosis

A

Tachycardia

100
Q

The etiology of osteoarthritis includes

a. Exaggeration of a normal aging process
b. Trauma or injury to a joint recently
c. Slender body type
d. Joint spaces are normal

A

a. Exaggeration of a normal aging process

101
Q

Which of the following statements is characteristic of hemophilia?

a. The platelet count is decreased
b. The clot retraction time is decreased
c. There is an increase in fibrinolysis
d. There is a delay in coagulation time

A

d. There is a delay in coagulation time

102
Q

Hormones that are secreted by the adrenal medulla include

Desoxycorticosterone
Epinephrine
Aldosterone
Hydrocortisone

A

Epinephrine

103
Q

Cholecystitis is a disease associated with the

Urinary bladder
Gallbladder
Kidneys
Spleen

A

Gallbladder

104
Q

An autosome is

An X-sex chromosome
An XX chromosome
A Y-sex chromosome
A chromosome other than a sex chromosome

A

A chromosome other than a sex chromosome

105
Q

Maximum amount of air that can be contained in the lungs after a maximum inspiration is called

Vital capacity
Inspiratory capacity
Residual volume
Total lung capacity

A

Total lung capacity

106
Q

Autosomal inheritance is

Nonsex-linked inheritance
Sex-linked inheritance
Is not sex-linked inheritance
Is not nonsex-linked inheritance

A

Nonsex-linked inheritance

107
Q

All of the following are hormones of the adrenal cortex EXCEPT

Desoxycorticosterone
Aldosterone
Hydrocortisone
Progesterone

A

Desoxycorticosterone

108
Q

All of the following apply to sulfonamide therapy EXCEPT

a. Most sulfonamides are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
b. Nearly all of them are eliminated rapidly in the urine
c. Easily precipitated in kidney tubules unless adequate urine flow is maintained
d. Are virucidal

A

d. Are virucidal

109
Q

Exanthematous virus infections include all of the following EXCEPT

Varicella (chickenpox)
Herpes zoster (shingles)
Variola (smallpox)
Epidemic parotitis (mumps)

A

Epidemic parotitis (mumps)

110
Q

Panniculitis is a condition

a. In which there is swelling of the eyelids
b. Of inflammation of the kidneys
c. In which there is a local inflammation of fatty tissue
d. Of inflammation in the elbow joint

A

c. In which there is a local inflammation of fatty tissue

111
Q

In congestive heart failure, signs and symptoms will indicate

Left ventricular failure
Right atrium failure
Left atrium failure
Cardiac arrest

A

Left ventricular failure

112
Q

With a developing right heart failure

a. The heart is functioning normally
b. Atrial congestion occurs
c. Decreased venous pressure occurs
d. A “backward” type heart failure develops

A

d. A “backward” type heart failure develops

113
Q

Symptoms that may indicate developing heart disease include

Dyspnea
Dysplasia
Dysaepia
Dysphasia

A

Dyspnea

114
Q

A patient has peripheral venous congestion and edema in the lower extremities.

This would indicate a

a. Left ventricular type of heart failure
b. Right ventricular type of heart failure
c. Left atrium type of heart failure
d. Right atrium type of heart failure

A

b. Right ventricular type of heart failure

115
Q

A patient is developing pulmonary edema but there is no edema in the lower extremities. This would indicate a

a. Left ventricular type of heart disease
b. Right ventricular type of heart disease
c. Right atrium type of heart disease
d. Left atrium type of heart disease

A

a. Left ventricular type of heart disease

116
Q

Factors that may contribute to the development of edema include

A decrease in venous pressure
A decrase in capillary permeability
A decrease in arteriolar hydrostatic pressure
Lymphatic obstruction

A

Lymphatic obstruction

117
Q

The primary defects of cystic fibrosis are in the

Pancrease
Lungs
Kidney
Duodenum

A

Pancrease

118
Q

Hormone that causes gallbladder to contract

Chlolethiasis
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Cholecystokinin

A

Cholecystokinin

119
Q

Inflammation of bile duct

Chlolethiasis
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Cholecystokinin

A

Cholecystitis

120
Q

Patients are most commonly obese women of middle age

Chlolethiasis
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Cholecystokinin

A

Chlolethiasis

121
Q

A cardinal symptom is biliary colic

Chlolethiasis
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Cholecystokinin

A

Chlolethiasis

122
Q

Surgery may be indicated

Chlolethiasis
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Cholecystokinin

A

Chlolethiasis

123
Q

No evidence of inflammation

Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis

A

Diverticulosis

124
Q

Have adhesions and fistulae

Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis

A

Diverticulitis

125
Q

Causes alterations in bowel habits

Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis

A

Diverticulitis

126
Q

Most commonly affect rectum and distal colon

Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis

A

Ulcerative colitis

127
Q

Symptoms similar to appendicitis but with pain on left side

Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Ischemic colitis

A

Diverticulitis

128
Q

Most common form of leg vein thrombosis

Thrombophlebitis
Phlebothrombosis
Cardiac thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis

A

Phlebothrombosis

129
Q

Clot firmly attached to wall or intima of blood vessel

Thrombophlebitis
Phlebothrombosis
Cardiac thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis

A

Thrombophlebitis

130
Q

Relatively little risk of embolism

Thrombophlebitis
Phlebothrombosis
Cardiac thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis

A

Thrombophlebitis

131
Q

Thrombi called vegetations

Thrombophlebitis
Phlebothrombosis
Cardiac thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis

A

Cardiac thrombosis

132
Q

Can lead to collateral circulation

Thrombophlebitis
Phlebothrombosis
Cardiac thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis

A

Arterial thrombosis

133
Q

Inflammation, particularly in the alveolar wall

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Interstitial pneumonia

134
Q

Resolution usually complete with fibrosis or bronchiectasis seldom complicating recovery

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Lobar pneumonia

135
Q

Pleuritic pain develops early

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Lobar pneumonia

136
Q

Has discrete foci of inflammation around bronchiole

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Bronchopneumonia

137
Q

Basal edema occurring in bedridden patients

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Hypostatic pneumonia

138
Q

Can be either acute or chronic

Lobar pneumonia
Bronchopneumonia
Hypostatic pneumonia
Interstitial pneumonia

A

Interstitial pneumonia

139
Q

Clubbing fingers

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Bacterial endocarditis

140
Q

Persistent fever

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Bacterial endocarditis

141
Q

Usually have heart valve damage

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Rheumatic fever

142
Q

Tendency for tachycardia to be out of proportion to the degree of fever present

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Rheumatic fever

143
Q

Tendency for peripheral embolism

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Bacterial endocarditis

144
Q

Characteristic lesion known as Aschoff nodule

Bacterial endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Both
neither

A

Rheumatic fever

145
Q

Absence of cardiac abnormality

Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

146
Q

Joint pain alleviation by salicylates within 48 hr

Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Rheumatic fever

147
Q

Degenerative joint disease

Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Osteoarthritis

148
Q

Called bamboo spine

Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

149
Q

Small joints principally affected

Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

150
Q

Cardiac pain on exercise

Angina pectoris
Coronary thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Venous thrombosis

A

Angina pectoris

151
Q

Pain upon walking called intermittent claudication

Angina pectoris
Coronary thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Venous thrombosis

A

Arterial thrombosis

152
Q

Degree or evidence of more lasting injury or damage the myocardium

Angina pectoris
Coronary thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Venous thrombosis

A

Coronary thrombosis

153
Q

Pain relieved by rest or glyceryl trinitrat

Angina pectoris
Coronary thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Venous thrombosis

A

Angina pectoris

154
Q

Is associated with thrombophlebitis

Angina pectoris
Coronary thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Venous thrombosis

A

Venous thrombosis

155
Q

Characterized by exacerbations and remissions

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Multiple sclerosis

156
Q

Patient exhibits basal ganglia degeneration

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Huntington’s chorea

157
Q

Primary degeneration of the pyramidal tracts

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Motor neuron disease

158
Q

Transient loss of consciousness

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Petit mal seizures

159
Q

Motor areas of the brain are affected with twitching

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Jacksonian epilepsy

160
Q

Shortness of breath and no cough

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Blue bloaters

161
Q

Primary adrenal cortical insufficiency

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Addison’s disease

162
Q

Excess adrenocorticotropic hormone leads to marked hyperpigmentation

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Nelson’s syndrome

163
Q

Primary hyperthyroidism

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Graves’ disease

164
Q

Chronic bronchitis and shortness of breath

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Pink puffers

165
Q

Feeling of epigastric distention and pain

Addison’s disease
Graves’ disease
Pink puffers
Blue bloaters
Nelson’s syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A

Dumping syndrome

166
Q

Characterized by deterioration of intellectual capacity

Huntington’s chorea
Petit mal seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Motor neuron disease
Alzheimer’s disease
Jacksonian epilepsy

A

Jacksonian epilepsy

167
Q

Which of the following disorders may occur following severe injury to the body (trauma) or extensive burns?

Acute gastric ulcers
Esophageal varices
Acute duodenal ulcers
Peptic esophagitis

A

Acute gastric ulcers

168
Q

The tetralogy of Fallot includes

a. Aortic and mitral stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, and dextrocardia
b. Atrial septal defects, truncus arteriosus, left ventricular hypertrophy, and aortic stenosis
c. Ductus arteriosus, aortic and mitral stenosis, and dectrocardia
d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and transposition of the aorta

A

d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and transposition of the aorta

169
Q

The incubation period for German measles (rubella) is

3-10 days
7-15 days
14-21 days
Over 21 days

A

14-21 days

170
Q

Peripheral cyanosis may be a result of all the following EXCEPT

Cardiac insufficiency
Obstruction of blood flow
Vasodilation due to cold
Vasoconstriction due to cold

A

Vasodilation due to cold

171
Q

Which of the following complications is common in polycythemia vera (erythemia)?

Osteomalacia
Osteoporosis
Thrombocytopenia
Vascular thrombosis

A

Vascular thrombosis

172
Q

Aldosterone is an important mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its function in the body is to

a. Stimulate the conversion of protein and fat to glucose
b. Increase glycogen storage
c. Regulate growth
d. Regulate sodium, potassium, and excretion of water by the kidneys

A

d. Regulate sodium, potassium, and excretion of water by the kidneys

173
Q

All of the following apply to lobar pneumonia EXCEPT

Gradual onset
Fever and chills
Sudden chest pain
Dyspnea and cough

A

Gradual onset

174
Q

The chief cation of extracellular fluid is

Potassium
Iron
Sodium
Magnesium

A

Sodium

175
Q

All of the following are physical signs associated with emphysema EXCEPT:

a. Increased A-P diameter of chest
b. Use of accessory muscles of respiration during breathing
c. Increased respiratory rate
d. Decreased resonance to percussion over lung fields

A

d. Decreased resonance to percussion over lung fields

cheska PTRP 2 (29 decks)

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