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theology > religious pluralism and theology (7) > Flashcards

religious pluralism and theology (7) Flashcards

1
Q

exclusivism

A

humanity is fallen and we need to fix relationship with God through Christ. nobody deserves to be saved and everybody needs God for salvation. Through Jesus humans have a way to access God, so faith in Jesus is needed.

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2
Q

catholic exclusivism

A

Jesus the mediator is carried out in the work of the church (the sacraments). These are missing from other denominations

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3
Q

rays of truth

A

what catholics believe other religions have, they can offer insight but not the full picture

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4
Q

exclusivist quotes

A

John 14:6, “No one comes to the father except through me”
Titus 3:5, God saved humans not because it was “righteous” but because it was his “mercy”
John 3:16, “For God so loved the world he gave his only son”

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5
Q

christ is the only way to salvation

A
  • If Jesus was God incarant the the uniqueness suggests he is the only way
  • Biblical evidence clear it was Jesus role to save world
  • Christ is not the same as Christianity, he may have saved everyone
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6
Q

christ is NOT the only way to salvation

A
  • why would an omnibenevolent God exclude salvation from so many
  • If Jesus is the only way what is the point of the Holy Spirit and this is ignored
  • Parable of sheep and goats suggests good people from alll nations will be saved
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7
Q

inclusivism

A

although christianity is the one true faith, a loving God would not condemn all non to Hell. Jesus’ death had an effect on everyone and all can access it- through participation through institutions

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8
Q

inclusivism quotes

A

Paul said in Romans 2:14 that Jews had the law written into their hearts without realising it
Paul said in Acts 17:16, paul visits athens where is representing christian message and sees an alter which says they are praying to an unknown God

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9
Q

Rahner- people

A

‘anonymous christian’. the bible is full of figures who pre-dated history, it seems wrong that they are all in Hell. you are an anonymous christian if you live a good, moral life in their own pursuit of truth

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10
Q

Rahner- institutions

A

you can be a part of ‘anonymous christianity’ through institutions, as they have the structures that can be a means of Grace.

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11
Q

Rahner and message

A

if someone encounters christianity and chooses to reject it then they are no longer anonymous and open to punishment

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12
Q

anonymous christians can achieve salvation

A
  • approach maintains God as a savior but rejects idea that omnibenelovent God would condemn innocent
  • acknowledges our world is multi-faith
  • accepts all humans will fall short of perfection
  • naive to think God only speaks to people through christianity
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13
Q

anonymous christians can NOT achieve salvation

A
  • it is patronising to say that all religions are futile except ones own
  • very little biblical evidence for this approach
  • undermines the importance of Jesus’ death on the cross
  • Catholics may reject as not enough importance placed on work of church
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14
Q

John Hick

A

influenced after seeing multi culturalism and thought itmust eb wrong for there to be one superior religion.

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15
Q

religious experience

A

Hick says experience was found in all faith so he concluded that everyone was experiencing the same reality through different lenses. like blind men and the elephant.

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16
Q

Hick and followers

A

all religions produce equally good followers. Hick thoughts Christians should put God centrally instead of Christ. Hick though christian truths need to be viewed as mythical so God can be the far greater being

17
Q

pluralism in the bible

A

needs a belief that Bible is not the sole authority. Hick’s approach says Bible must be myth and the truth is in the Gospels- Jesus is the teacher of wisdom rather than a son of God

18
Q

theological pluralism does undermine central Christian beliefs

A
  • Christian beliefs are Christocentric but should be theocentric
  • accepts that other religious experiences are equally valid
  • combinded with 2000 years of mistakes allows us to know that ‘the Real’ shows God is the greatest
19
Q

neccessary/salvation

A

exlcusivists & inclusivists= Jesus’ death was needed for salvation. others may believe a belief in Christ is needed

20
Q

theological pluralism does NOT undermine central Christian beliefs

A
  • Christian central message is that Christ was unique, pluralism questions this but doesnt make it incorrect
  • idea of christianity being a myth doesnt explain why early christians founded religion
  • Hick’s pluralism does not explain why some religions are valid and others not
21
Q

Martin Luther

A

thought faith alone was needed for salvation, not works. this is opposite to catholics who believe deeds and actions are needed. 1999 Lutherean belief said that with faith comes good actions

22
Q

Lutherean/Catholic

A

Lutherean belief is that God is in control of salvation whereas Catholics think the person and God involved

23
Q

Biblical evidence for actions

A

Luke 16:19, Rich man and Lazarus suggests people judged on actions
Matthew 20:1, parable of the workers in the vinyard. everyone was paid the same no matter how much they worked

24
Q

all good people will be saved

A
  • sheep and the goat teaches that we will be judged for our actions
  • God loves all people and we are made in his image, he wouldnt ignore those who pursued for Good
  • earliets traditions emphasise action over faith
25
Q

all good people will NOT be saved

A
  • if people need to be saved they need both faith and good works
  • you are not truly good unless you follow the religious way of life
  • Romans 3:23, “everybody has sinned and fall short”. not all deserving
26
Q

extra ecclesiam nuella salus

A

there is no salvation outside the church, found in catholicism and calvinism

27
Q

Romans 10:13

A

“everyone who calls on the name of the lord will be saved”

28
Q

Barth

A

Jesus is the ultimate mentor and centrality of grace he rejected the true claim of any religion. all religions fall short of gaining all knowledge

29
Q

a loving God would deny people salvation

A
  • God’s love is not the same as our love. Benevolence is about justice
  • true relationship with God coms from the free choice to enter
  • if salvation is for all people then it is not logical to have religion
  • if election true not everyone will be saved
30
Q

a loving God would NOT deny people salvation

A
  • fundamental to the Bible is the claim all people are made in God’s image and God loves all equally
  • pluralists would not accept that God would deny people salvation
  • if God were to condemn people problem of evil worse as its an active decision
  • a god of love would offer people the chance to turn to him after death

theology (12 decks)

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