gender and society (9)

Question 1

Family in the 20th century

Answer 1

first seen as traditional nuclear family, but later underwent huge changes. Christians may say there is pressure for them to change with that

Question 2

20th century family changes

Answer 2

divorce rates led to single parents, IVF increased so same sex parents, decrease in marriage

Question 3

3 waves of feminism

Answer 3

1st- legal equality (vote)
2nd- law put into practise
3rd- 1990s, intersectionality and individuality

Question 4

feminism and family

Answer 4

many see families as an institute for oppression of women over time. 1991 was when marital rape became a crime and idea of ‘home maker’ and a ‘double shift’

Question 5

Family is cultually determined

Answer 5

• everything is as cultural norms fuel society
• different cultures have different views on how families should be
• many aspect of our character is defined by our culture which is why we can be “typically” something

Question 6

family is not culturally determined

Answer 6

• some may say that family cannot be defined by culture as it is defined by biology
• Christianity teaches that order is formed by God, not society
• Christians also say family is determined by church teaching, such as sacrament of marriage

Question 7

Ephesisans 5:22 at face value

Answer 7

• women are inferior to men in marriage
• men have God given superiority value of men
• men need their authority to take care of their wives

Question 8

traditional gender teachings

Answer 8

1 Corinthians 14:34, women should remain silent in church
1 Timothy 2:12, women should not have authority over a man

Question 9

Ephesisans 5:22 ideas

Answer 9

• talks about free giving one partner in marriage to the other. wife submits and a man must sacrifice everything
• marriage an offering to God
• may be read that authority means “head”, suggesting women were made from men and men were the source of female energy

Question 10

Biblical teachings are outdated

Answer 10

• Biblical texts (like Ephesians) rely on societal norms that are no longer relevantg
  -they are outdated because the Bible is contradictory and not to be taken seriously
• Biblical teachings can no longer cover all the needs of people today

Question 11

Biblical teachings arent outdated

Answer 11

• Todays society is no longer Christian and so has lost sight of real christian truth
• they still have importance when read with skill and a mistake too ever read them at face value so cant eb outdated
• Bible is God’s revelation

Question 12

Muleris Dignitatem context

Answer 12

published in 1988 by Pope John Paul II and called ‘On the dignity of women’. aims to set out the catholic response to the rapidly changing role of women

Question 13

Muleieris Dignitatem teachings

Answer 13

• humans find themselves by giving to other and give themselves to God
• motherhood is a gift a woman gives by creating life and connects them with God
• both parents experience it but mainly mother so she lads the way parenting and her decision holds more weight

Question 14

Muleieris and Mary

Answer 14

gift of motherhood seen through Mary’s acceptance of Jesus, every birth now links to Mary and is an immense privilege.

Question 15

Muleieris Dignitatem emphasis

Answer 15

motherhood as a reversal of the Fall and assumption that parents will be a man and a woman as well as the catholic sacraments

Question 16

church teachings shouldnt conform to modern views on gender

Answer 16

• MD expresses the normality of man and woman, the starting point of a family and linked to Mary
• the two sexes are fundamentally linked up with creation
• any deprature from this could lead to instability within society

Question 17

church teachings should conform to modern views on gender

Answer 17

• Christian teachings promote acceptance and love, it is wrong to remain stuck in the past
• christianity is declining in population and opening up may allow for conversion
• chidren brought up in non-secular settings live just as happily

Question 18

who, historically, slagged off women?

Answer 18

Aristotle, Plato , Aquinas called women “defective”

Question 19

equality

Answer 19

like in MD, people now believe in equality. saying that due to the order of creation there are roles better suited to each gender. this leads the argument that there are roles is what is used for Catholic priests.

Question 20

modern society

Answer 20

this rejects view that there are male/female characteristics and an emphasis on not bringing up children to think of these.

Question 21

Protestants

Answer 21

conservative= emphasis on creation and a womans role as a mother and not working
liberal= emphasis on validity of God’s love and want to work with the changes of society.

Question 22

Old testamant family

Answer 22

figures had concubines and wives, there is no set way to live

Question 23

secular views of gender have undermined christian gender

Answer 23

• range of approaches to gender there is a decline in people feeling welcome within
• they may have been but this is not a bad thing because it allows change
• some may say is shows how dysfunctional Christian views are and how their approach is restrictive

Question 24

secular views of gender haven’t undermined christianity

Answer 24

• some may say their teachings are secure and are backed by the Bible so no threat
• chnages show how damaged society is when moving away from religion
• effects of the fal continue to be felt within society and shows how we need to go back

Question 25

catholic motherhood

Answer 25

mothers are spiritually linked to creation and Mary

Question 26

christians and motherhood

Answer 26

beleive it is a reflection of God’s love on earth and some say it is a vocation and the decision should be respected. Some define moterhood along with fatherhood, a shared experience

Question 27

motherhood as social conditioning

Answer 27

society expects women to give evrything to their children and women often feel bored or unfilled at home all day

Question 28

motherhood is liberating

Answer 28

• John 10:10, motherhood allows women to “live life to the full”
• to be connected with mary makes their role incredibly special and liberating
• women should know motherhood is a gift

Question 29

motherhood isnt liberating

Answer 29

• emphasises traditional gender roles and makes women feel imprisoned
• society has made women accept that they are to be mothers
• it is restrcitive to say that womens only role should be as a mother and not in. wider society

Question 30

biblical patriarchy

Answer 30

idea the bible is man made with aim of subjugating women

Question 31

Simone de Beauvoir

Answer 31

rejects Dignitatem idea that motherhood is a woman’s purpose, also says that mary shows that it is only by being “man’s docile servant that she will also be a blessed saint”

Question 32

4th wave of feminism

Answer 32

upcoming that tries to remove gender norms pushed onto children. Beauvoir says “One is not born, but rather becomes a woman”

Question 33

Anne Oakley

Answer 33

interviewed many women who said that mothers instinct as cultural rather than biological. This could conflict with Paul 11 dea that women have a natural born instinct.