Religious Change - To What Extent Did Catholicism Survive in England? Flashcards
What were popular attitudes to Catholicism in henrys reign?
Two differing views
A.G Dickens believed the reformation was due to the corruption and wealth of monasteries
Eamon Duffy, Richard Rex and Christopher Haig all emphasised evidence showing that Catholicism was still popular and growing in popularity
What evidence is there that Catholicism was still being practiced In Henry’s reign? (3 pieces of evidence)
- Many people still went on Pilgramages
- Saint days often celebrated with holiday
- Living holy men/women attracted attention and fame
Why did people resist reformation? (short- UNDER HENRY)
Church was fundamental part of normal people’s lives and they did not want change
from 1529-36 what was done to enforce protestantism? (how bad/significant was it? - 4 points)
- Enforcement of Royal supremacy - People who disagreed were executed
- All adult men took oath of supremacy
- Supremacy act and treason act targeted ppl opposing supremacy and his Marriage to Anne
- ParishClergy took oath renouncing Power of the Pope
What was the role of the Catholic nobility in the survival of Catholicism? (3 things they did/why they could help)
- Support for Catholic nobility aided survival
- Catholic nobilities wealth, power and status helped them to protect priests and led to development of ‘seigneurial Catholicism’ which was popular in the North. e.g. in 1560s 75% of leading families in York were Catholic
- Poor catholics couldnt afford to house priest or attend Catholic services so tended to conform to Church of England practice
Under Edward, what happened to Catholicism?
2 points
- Came under serious threat as move to radical Protestant which saw changes in aspects of church, this partially led to rebellion in Cornwall and Devon on 1549, the rebels demanded Act of Six articles to come back (conservative)
- There was evidence that Catholicism was surviving and popular in the regions (esp west)
What did Mary do to aid the survival of Catholicism? (brief)
-Restored England to papal control encouraging recovery however her reign was short and her success was limited.
Did catholicism survive under Elizabeth?
What did they do to try crush it?
2 points
- Came under increasing pressure as they were seen as potential rebels, esp in 1560s
- They charged ppl for not going to mass, so the wealthy could afford not to and privately practiced Catholicism, Catholicism did in fact survive until the end of Elizabeth’s reign.
What threat did Catholicism provide for Elizabeth?
2 points
Wht did she do to deal with the threat?
- She was under pressure to deal with the Catholic threat as more Catholic priests came back in 1574
- Thee was a plot to murder her and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots in 15721 and in 1572 a threat of a Spanish invasion force to remove her.
- Finally in 1581 she agreed to stricter laws increasing fine for missing church and strengthening the treason act
What is a Jesuit priest?
Ones who are in society of Jesus
What was the impact of Jesuit and Seminary priests for Elizabeth?
They were the priests who came in 1574 and made the Catholic threat of rebellion more organised and determined as they were even willing to risk their lives.
