Religion , Peace and Conflict Flashcards
What is war
fighting between nations to resolve issues between them
what is peace
an absence of conflict which leads to happiess and harmony
what is justice
bringing about what is right and fair , according to the law or making up for a wrong that has been commited .
what is forgiveness
showing grace and mercy and pardonign someone for what they have done wrong
reconciliation
a sacrament in the catholic church ; also when indiviudals or groups resroe friendly relations after conflicts or disagreement .
four conceptss absout ccrhitsians believe towards war
peace , justice , forgiveness and reconcilatin
reasos for war
self defense
greed
retsaliaiton
how can greed lead to war
greed can lead to countries to invade other countries to control importnt resources such as oil . In this way , rich countries ge more irch and powerful potentially csausing poverty in the defeated coutry where their main source of income i taken away .
example of a war due ot greed
us +uk invasion of Iraq 2003 to gain control of oil reserves
buddhist teaching against greed for war
greed is one of the three posions and one of the main causes of suffering .
christian teaching against greed for wr
“for the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil . Some poeple eager for money , have wandered from faith and piered themlseves iwth grief .”
what is the meanign of greed
selfish desire for something
what is the meaning of self defence
acting to prevent harm to yourself and others
how can self defence lead to war
most people consider fighting in slef-defence to be morll acceptble and believe they have a right to defend the values , beliefs and ways of life that their country lives by .
example of a war due to self defence
WW2 - uk fought to defend themselves from the nazis
buddhist teachings about self defencce
AGAINST buddhist most ethicalprincipal in buddhism is not to tae life , [people should develop karuna (compasssion) for those who wish to harm them .
FOR- if it is for a good reason it is a good intentio
Christian teachings about self-defence
Argument can be made for it if all other ways of solving the problem has failed ‘love thy neighbour’
What is retaliation
delibreately harming someone as a respone to them harming you
a war fought becuse of retaliaiton
invasion of aghanistan / china+tibet
chrisitian teachigns against retaliation
“do not repay anyone evil for evil , if it is possible as far as it it dependso n you , llive at peace with everyone .”
buddhist beliefs against retaliation
retaliaiton is another owrd for vengeance which is an expression of hatred . Hatred is one of the three poisions responding to hatred iwth hatred only increses suffering .
what is a just war
a war which meets internationally accpted crteria for fairness; follows traditional chrisitian rules for a just war , and isi now accepted by all other religions .
what is a holy war
fighting for religious cause or god , probably controlled by a religous leader
what is a pacifsm
the belief of people who refuse to take part in war and in any other form of violence .
What are the six just war condtions
a war must have a JUST CAUSE
a war must be declared by the CORRECT AUTHORITY
the intention of the war hhas to be to DEFEAT WRONG DOING and promote good .
Fighting must be A LAST RESORT
there must be a CHANCE OF SUCCESS
methods use to figght the war MUST BE PROPORTIONAL TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS .
Explain the first just was conditon
The war must have a just cause , this may include slef defence or defending someone else . It may not to be gain territory or resources or in retaliation .
explain the second just war condition
The war must be declared by the correct uthority , this hosuld be a government or lawful rulers in the country .
explain the third just war condition
the inteition of the war has to be to defeat wrongdoing and promote good . The good achieved by the war must outweigh the evil led to it .
explain the fourth just war condition
Fighting must be a last resort . All other ways of resolving the issue , such as diplomacy , must have been attempted before war can be declared .
explain the fifth just war condition
There must be a resonable chance of success . It is unjust to ask people to fight a war if it is possible that the war will be lost and they will be killed .
explain the sixth just war condition
The methods used to fight the war must be proportional to achive success . Excessive force should not be used .
GIve two examples of holy wars and what they were about
The cursadesbetween chirstains and muslims , christians wanted the holy land in Jerusalem in the 11 to 14 century .
What are the justifications / describe the three things for a holy war .
A hol war must be authorised by a religous leader iwth great authority .
The purpose of i should be to defend the Christian faith from attack .
Those who take pt belive they will gain spiritual rewards and if they die in battle they will go striaght to heaven .
Why do some christians disagree with the idea of holy wars
Christians belive christian etachings do not enocurage a violent response .
two chrisitan quotes against holy wars
“But I tell you , anyone who murders will be subject to judgement .”Mathwe 5
“Put your sword back in its place , jesus said for all hwo draw the sword die by the sword.” Mathew 26
what is are quotes for the holy war , what other ways could it be sene in
“eye for an eye tooth for a tooth” which is sometimes interpreted that it is acceptable to reutn violence iwth violence .
But the teaching sugggests only the individuals involved should be ppunished and not innocent people .
Why dosen’t the idea of holy war make much sense for Buddhists .
As there is a basic commitment to non-violence in Buddhism . Buddhism teaches that no war can be justified even it isi for selfdefence . This incldues holy war to defend or spread the faith .
what does the UK say about the right to protest
In the Uk , the right to portest is considered a fudmental democratic freedom .
what does the Uk say about indviduals and groups protesting
individuals and groups are allowed to protest in public to demonstrate their point of view .
if the portest involves a procession or match , how many days before should the police be informed
6 days before
what can the police do if they think that the protest may intimidate people or that violence may be involvd
they can reuqest that a march route should be altered , or they can apply for a court order to ban a march
in the uk is there right to portest with violence
no
what is the meaning of a protest
an expression of disapporval , often in a public group
what is the meaning of violence
using actions that threaten or harm others .
what are insulate britian activists trying to achieve
the actvivists wants the government to insulate all UK homes by 2030 to cut carbon emmisons .
how are insulte brtiian axctivists tryung to bring about chnage
blocking a numbr of major roads including around parliament
targeted m25 near drfort crossng , old street junction and blackwall tunnel .
how has peaceful protestign changed the lw with an example
peaceful protests was an important part of the civil rights movement in the USA in the 1950s and 60s . One of the moevemnt leders , dr Martin Luther King organised peaceful rallies to protesr about rcial and social inequalities .Although he was assinatted in 1968 , civil rights momvemt proved successful and euqal rights legslitaation passed in to the us law
Christain beliefs about protest
chrstins believe that prtoests to achieve what is right is acceptable provided violence is no used .
buddhists belefs about portest
Generally , buddhists also advocate non-violent forms of portest , “Whoever injures with violence creatures desiring happiness , seeking his own happiness he does not gain happiness when he is passed away “
However , some monks have commited to violenxe .In recent decades , some monks in Myanmar have supported violent protests against muslis whom they believe to be the source of their problem .
what is terrorism
the unlawful use of violence , usully against innocent civillians , to achieve a political goal .
Buddhists views about terrorism
terroism express hatred one of the three posions ,
first moral precept
though hsall not kill .
christan views about terrorism
tne commandment do not kill
sanctity of life - ponly god can take life
goes against just war theory , not proportional
my views about terrorism
it allows terrorism to be a justified respone if you disagre something , brutalising suociety ,
bad rep for th country
terrorism dosent solve the root cause of why soemone dd it in the first place
why yes to terrorism
as terrorism creates fear acts gets the message ourt . Some christians may associate their cause with religion and in that cuase just war theory may suggest it is poroptronal or vlaid .
what is wmd
weapons of mass destruction
what are nuclear weapons
weapons taht work by a nuclear reaction ; they devastate huge areaas and kill large numbers of people .
what are weapons of mass destruction
weapons that kill large numbers of people and /or cause great damage .
chemical weapons
weapons that usee chemicals to posion burn or parlayse humans and destory the natural environment .
biologixal weapons
weapons that have living organism or infective aterial that can lead to disease or death .
when was the first nuclear bomb dropped what can this suggest about terrorism
on the 6th august 1945 was dropped oon the japanese city of hiroshima by american fprced during the second world war .80,000 died as a result .140,000 were injured , five days later japan surrebdered to the usa . was called ‘little boy’ this suggests it worked as a good dettterrent - however , look at the detahs was that necessary ?
christian views about terrorism
eventhough , a terrorist may associate their cause with a religion including christian , no religion promotes terrorism . Most chistians cosndier it to be wrong becasue victims like innocen tpoeple who have nothignt od ow ith it are also effected .
my views on terrorism
yes it brings aobut fear “the purpouse of terroism lies not just in the violenc act itself but producting terror “
nt aacceptabe innocent civillainas , always guarnee wont go the way it wanted to so what would they do then other thigs like peceful protests insread .
buddhism - Terrorism
ahimsa non-violence , hatred is on of the three poiosns , they beive revenge solves nothing , more important to undesrtand the rought cause of hteir doings .
buddhism arguemnt for wmd
Thich Nhat Hanh said “for peace the basic thing is to not rremove nuclear weapons but to remove the fear anger and suspicion of us” suggesting its not the nucler weapons themselves but human attiutudes that are a problem , , inclduing the beleif a probelm could be soled by using a weapon that would kill large nubers of people .
christian views about wmd
eye for eye tooth tooth for tooth suggests the propportionally of the ways used to fight a war suggesting war is not justified if the actions are not propritonal to win .
whatis pacifism
the belief people who reufse to take part in war and any other form of violence
what are peacemakers
a person who works to establish peace in the world or in a certain part of it .
what is peacemaking
the action of trying to establish peace .
what does a pacifist do in war
nsted of fighting , they tend the sick and owunded , pacifis punished muhammad ali refusing to join us army when fighting vietnam
what is the difference between pacificst and peacemakers
peacemakers don’t think all wars are unjusitfied , they resolve wrs , by actively creating peace , whereas paciifsit donn’t jsutify any war , refrain from any action .
christian pacifist views
not all christians ar paciist as many believe that war and conflicgt can be justified on occasions under certain criteria .
However , “put your sword away who ever lives by the sword dies by the sword” suggests that if you do violent actions , harm will be done to you as well .
Pacifists use jesus quote MAIN - “Blessed are the peacemakers for they shall be the children of God.”
another chrisitan pacifist view (quakers)
Quakers believe that war and conflict are against God’s wishes and so they are dedicated to pacifism and non-violence. And from a practical point of view they think that force nearly always creates more problems than it solves.Quakers. Better to negituate , governtment should sped money wisely like for the community instead .
what is the apf
the anglican pacifist fellowship is a chrisitian pacifist group in the anglican church . Believe peace and justice hsould be broughr about through non-violent means , three main beliefs
-Jesus’ teaching is incompatible with the waging of war-chrisitans should never support or justify war
chrisitan witeness should include opposing waging or justifying war . “We be;ieve as christians we shoud follows jesus’ waysand love our nemiies and beome peacemakers”
buddhisms for pacifism
strongy believe in pacifism
first moral precept though shall not kill
ahimsa non -violence
the buddha said ‘a compassionate response to the word is active but not violence’ this dosen’t mean people shouldn’t act , but acting in a violent eway willl not have an effect , non-violent ways are better .
buddhisms helping victims for war
buddhism believes in meta , they believe all suffering should be stopepd regeardles of the origin , buddhisms also believe the perpetrator should also be given help when another operosn makes you suffer its beacuse he is suffereing deeply within himself , he dosent need a punishment but needs help” Thich Nhat Hann - TZU CHI foundation for victis against war , everyone reach enlightenment free suffering ,
Christians belief of helping victins of war
many chrisitnas supporvicctims - christians basi belief “love your neighbour as yourslef”means you should help everyone regardless of race , age gender religion , Caritas is a catholic organisation , serving the poor , trying to promote justice throughout the world , Inspired by jeuss , providing practical responeses to suffering .
Christian aid - largest organistation that helps vicitms of war help victims of war including refugees , beleve in lief efore , death , eliminate causes of poverty , ,hopinh eonllt eb necessary , campaings ofr lie afghanistn , syria , fundarising every year .
