Religion (Christianity) Flashcards
Explain the issue with Carranza.
Archbishop of Toledo and was arrested in 1558 on the grounds of heresy. When it came time for his trial in 1566, this caused issues between Philip and Pope Pius V as the former wanted him to be tried in Spain whereas the latter wished for it to be held in Rome. Eventually Philip did yield and one of his ministers stated this was due to his need for the Cruzada tax to finance his costly foreign policy.
Name the 9 popes during Philip’s reign and the years they held office.
- Paul IV (1555-59)
- Pius IV (1559-65)
- Pius V (1566-72)
- Gregory XIII (1572-85)
- Sixtus V (1585-90)
- Urban VII (1590)
- GregorY XIV (1590-91)
- Innocent IX (1591)
- Clement VIII (1592-1605)
Pius V 1567 edict
Banned bull fighting but Philip ignored it
How much of the church’s revenues did Philip take? How much of his overall income was this?
50% of the churches profits were taken by Philip and by 1590 this was 20% of the crowns total income
Tridentine Decrees
Who tried to introduce reforms in 1540? Were they successful?
Bishop of Pamplona - had some impact but did not have the widespread influence required.
Council of Trent
Met between 1545 and 1563 and worked to clarify ambiguities in the Christian faith and condemn Protestantism. Included France, Spain and the papal states.
Who was Luis de Granada?
A Dominican friar who wrote many spiritual works, a particularly influential one being ‘The Book of Prayer’ which was published in 1554.
Tridentine Decrees (name 3).
- latin vulgate edition of the bible was to become the official scripture
- mass to be the most important part of catholic worship
- abolishment of liturgy variations
- bishops were to live in their benefices
- hold meetings for clergy
- visit their dioceses regularly
- preach regularly
- ensure quality of those admitted to religious orders
- see that religious communities kept observance of their rule of life
- priests were to receive more education and provide education for the laity
- preach every sunday
- remain within their parishes and not hold multiple parishes
- keep records of baptisms, marriages and deaths
Impact of Tridentine Reforms?
- regular meetings did not take place and there was much opposition from clergy and laity - especially the cathedral chapters who were accustomed to high levels of independence
- change was heavily reliant on the determination of individual bishops; Gasper de Quiroga was an individual who elicited significant reformation
- reforms overall had less of an impact on Spain as Philip and Charles had both ensured that Spain remain thoroughly Catholic
Counter-reformation
The combatting of the spread of protestant ideas.
