Religion and Politics Flashcards
Religion - Personality, Wink et al 2007
High Agreeableness results in a want for social harmony and belief in a protective God
High Conscientiousness results in a disciplined nature, searching for meaningful life
Religion - Personality, McCollagh et al 2013
Strength of adult religion depends on personality
If raised as religious, .4 correlation to adulthood
Religion - Personality, McCollagh et al 2013, Confident children
.3 correlation to adulthood
Stable and optimistic outlook, criticise views
Religion - Personality, McCollagh et al 2013, Insecure children
.5 correlation to adulthood
Pessimistic and moody, will avoid conflict
Religion - Personality, Altemeyer & Hunsberger 1992
Believers were not raised as religious but become religious later, converting after personal crisis
Apostates were raised as religious but dropped religion later, converting after reflection and critcism
Religion - Change & Stability, McCollagh et al 2005
.55 over 57 years
.62 - .92 over 5 - 17 years old
19% increase in religiosity
41% decrease in religiosity
40% decrease then increase in religiosity
Religion - Life Outcomes, Life Satisfaction, Soloman et al 2005
Increased intrinsic religiosity and prayer correlates to increased life satsifaction
High social support and optimism moderate this relationship
Religion - Life Outcomes, Health and Longevity, McCollagh et al 2000
25% less likely to die if religious
Religion - Personality, Saraglou 2010, Personal Relgiosity
Agreeableness .19
Conscientiousness .16
Religion - Personality, Saraglou 2010, Spiritualism
Positive correlation to Openness to Experience
Religion - Personality, Saraglou 2010, Fundamentalism
Positive correlation to Authoritarianism
Negative correlation to Openness to Experience
Origins - Evolution, Religion
Increase religiosity and tradition result in conformation to authority, keeping a safe hierarchy of control
Origins - Evolution, Genetics and Environment, Religion, Koenig et al 2005
Genetics predicts MZ similarity
Environmental effect diminishes during adulthood
Genetic effect increases during adulthood
MZ .70 to .60
DZ .60 to .40
Origins - Evolution, Genetics and Environment, Politics, Abrahamson, Baker & Caspi 2002
Political attitudes
h2 .12
r .40
Effects of shared environment
Origins - Evolution, Genetics and Environment, Politics, Eaves et al 1997
Political conservatism
MZ .50 to .60
DZ .40 to .50
Shared environmental effect during adolescence
Genetic effect during adulthood
Politics - Personality, Schwartz
SDO correlates to self-enhancement
RWA correlates to conservatism
Politics - Personality, Lee et al 2010
SDO correlates positively to self-transcendance, negatively to Honesty-Humility
RWA correlates negatively to Openness to Experience
Politics - Personality, Sibley & Duckitt 2008
Meta-analysis of 71 studies
Politics - Personality, Sibley & Duckitt 2008, RWA
Negatively correlated to Honesty-Humuility, Openness to Experience
Positively correlated to Conscientiousness
Politics - Personality, Sibley & Duckitt 2008, SDO
Negatively correlated to Agreeableness, Openness to Experience
Positively correlated to Conscientiouness (less so than RWA)
Politics - Duckitt 2001
Model of RWA and SDO relations
If the world is perceived as threatening and individuals want conformity, they have high RWA
If the world is perceived as competitive and individuals are tough-minded, they have high SDO
Politics - Authoritarianism
Correlates to anti-democracy, ethnocentrism and conservatism
Harsh punitive parenting and rigid values create hostility towards others
Adorno 1947 developed F-scale
Politics - Right Wing Authoritarianism
Correlates to willingness to give harsh punishments, approve liberty restrictions, ethnocentricism, homophobia
Measured by authoritarian aggression, authoritarian submission and conventionalism
Politics - Social Dominance Orientation
Pratto et al 1994
A want for hierarchical order, prescribed through minority discrimination
Shows weak correlation to authoritarian submission
Politics - Change and Stability
Authoritarianism decreases during college by increases during 20 - 30s
Relatively stable across a long time
Politics - Dhont et al 2014
Ethnic prejudice and speciesism correlates .34
