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Greek Life & Lit > Religion > Flashcards

Religion Flashcards

1
Q

how was the humanizing of the gods set forth

A

by poets and artists

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2
Q

who represented gods swayed byhuman motives

A

homer

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3
Q

who reinforced the gods through genealogical poetry

A

Hesiod

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4
Q

who brought the gods into a family relationship

A

Theogony

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5
Q

Zeus/ Iuppiter

A

chief divinity, upholder of moral, political and social leader

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6
Q

where were Zeus/ Iuppiters chief seats

A

mount olympas, Dodona Epirus

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7
Q

what was contained in the temple at Dodona Epirus

A

a famous seated statue by Phidias

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8
Q

Hera/ Iuno

A

recognized consort of sues, presides generally over life of women,

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9
Q

where were Hera/ Iuno special centers of worship

A

Argos, sparta, samos

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10
Q

Athena/ Minerva

A

daughter of Zeus
goddess of Athens, the patroness of arts and sciences
associated with owl/ glaux

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11
Q

common epithets of Athena / Minerva

A

tritogengea, Pallas (poetry), glaukopis (owls)

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12
Q

Apollo

A

god of light (phobus), youth, music, expiation, purification, giver of oracals

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13
Q

where was apollo born

A

delos, w/ ionian festival held in honor

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14
Q

where is the temple of apollo

A

delphi, under the name of pythain

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15
Q

Artemis/ Diana

A

twin sister of apollo, represents ideal beauty of maidenhood, virgin goddess of nature and of the chase, protector of women in childbirth
associated with the moon

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16
Q

Hermes/ Mercurius

A

messenger to the gods, gods of commerce, luck and treasure trove (eriounios), while he conducted souls on their last journey to hades (psuchopompos)

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17
Q

what are the attributes of Hermes/ Mercurius

A

the heralds staff/ kerukeon, winged sandals, winged cap

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18
Q

psuchopompos

A

the last journey a soul goes on with Hermes to the underworld

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19
Q

eriounios

A

treasure trove, associated with hermes

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20
Q

Dionysus/Bacchus

A

god of fruitfulness and vegetation, the vine, giver of wine and its pleasures, patron of drama

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21
Q

where is Dionysus/ Bacchus connected to

A

Thebes

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22
Q

Demeter/ Ceres

A

goddess of the harvest, giver of corn, patroness of civilized institutions- marriage

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23
Q

kore

A

a maiden

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24
Q

Persephone/ Proserpina

A

wife of pluto, queen of the underworld

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25
Q

what were Ceres/Demeter & Persephone/Prosepina known as

A

the Great Godesses

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26
Q

Poseidon/ Neptune

A

God of the sea,springs, rivers. holder of the earth(geeochos), shaker of the earthquakes (enosichthon/ennosigeos), horses(hippios)

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27
Q

where was Neptunes center of worship

A

Isthmus of Corinth, where isthmian games were held, the temple of Calauria

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28
Q

geeochos

A

earth

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29
Q

enosichthon/ennosigeos

A

earthquakes

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30
Q

glaux/glaukopis

A

owls

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31
Q

phobus

A

light

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32
Q

Aphrodite/ Venus

A

goddess of love, physical grace, beauty,

common subject of antiquity

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33
Q

how was Venus born

A

from sea foam (aphros), from Cronus genitals, rose from the neighborhood of Cythera or Cyprus

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34
Q

what were Venus’s epithets

A

Kutherea, Kupris, Paphia

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35
Q

Aphros

A

the sea

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36
Q

Hephaestus/ Vulcanus

A

god of fire, works in volcanoes with Cyclopes, said to have fallen from heaven- lameness

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37
Q

where were Vulcanus places of worship

A

island of Lemnos

38
Q

Ares/ Mars

A

god of war, pestilance

39
Q

epithet of Mars

A

enualios

40
Q

where were Mars cheif centers of worship

A

Thebes, Thrace often regarded as by greeks as Alien, never in high honor

41
Q

hestia/ vesta

A

sister of Zeus, vowed to remain a virgin, goddess of the hearth, center of domestic life

42
Q

Iris

A

messenger goddess, rainbows

43
Q

Hebe and Ganymede

A

cup bearers

44
Q

the Graces

A

Charites

45
Q

Hours

A

Horae

46
Q

who were the messangers and attendants

A

iris, Hebe and Ganymede, Graces, Horae

47
Q

who were the country deities

A

pan, satyrs, Nymphs

48
Q

pan

A

arcadian god of flocks and shepards

49
Q

Sileni

A

satyrs, attendants of dionysus

50
Q

Naiads

A

nymphs of the river/ springs

51
Q

Oreads

A

mountain nymphs

52
Q

Hamadryads

A

tree nymphs

53
Q

who were the sea deities

A 
Amphitrite
triton
oceanus
Nereids
Proteus
54
Q

Amphitrite

A

consort of posiden

55
Q

triton

A

son of Poseidon

56
Q

oceanus

A

sea god. had a consort- Tethys

57
Q

Nereids

A

sea nymphs

58
Q

Proteus

A

could transform into different shapes, Glacus, Leucothea…

59
Q

Nike

A

victory

60
Q

Themis

A

Justice

61
Q

Nemesis

A

retribution

62
Q

heroes epunume

A

Athenian guild of heroes, where the heroes after whom the tribe were named

63
Q

who were honored as heroes

A

founders, notable benefactors, of cities

patrons of guilds, tribes

64
Q

how would a greek approach the gods

A

by sacrifice and prayer

65
Q

what would a Grecian king do at his retention of his title

A

perform a sacrifice and prayer to the gods

66
Q

archon basileus

A

in athens, place of sacrifice and prayer

67
Q

hiereus

A

priest who performed religious ceremonies, priesthood often hereditary

68
Q

which priesthoods were held by the Eteobutadae

A

Athena Polias, Poseidon Erechtheus

69
Q

which priesthood was held by the Eumulpidae

A

Hierophant

70
Q

what did priest not do

A

form a separate caste

71
Q

where there churches in greece

A

no

72
Q

heiron

A

places dedicated to the worship of a deity,

73
Q

temenos

A

precinct- a space cut off from common use, cf. templum

74
Q

bomos, eschara

A

an altar for sacrifice

75
Q

what were the two essential things a temple needed

A

a temenos and an altar (bomos/eschara)

76
Q

hippios

A

horses

77
Q

what were some personifications or moral

A

nike, themis, nemesis

78
Q

hestia meaning

A

hearth

79
Q

how many main gods were there

A

12

80
Q

who was Apollos and Artemis mother

A

leto

81
Q

The followers of Jesus were first called Christianoi at

A

Antioch

82
Q

the oracle of Zeus spoke through

A

the rustling of oak leaves

83
Q

muse of tragedy

A

melpomene

84
Q

muse of history

A

clio

85
Q

muse of epic poetry

A

Calliope

86
Q

muse of flutes and lyric poetry

A

Euterpe

87
Q

muse of comedy and pastoral poetry

A

Thalia

88
Q

muse of dance

A

Terpsichore

89
Q

muse of love poetry

A

Erato

90
Q

muse of sacred poetry

A

Polyhymnia

91
Q

muse of astronomy

A

Urania

92
Q

The Theseum in Athens later became a temple dedicated to

A

Hephaestus

Greek Life & Lit (20 decks)

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