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History Stuarts > Religion > Flashcards

Religion Flashcards

1
Q

When was the English Reformation ?

A

1534

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2
Q

Who is the head of the English Church?

A

The King

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3
Q

Why was Charles 1 attracted to Arminianism?

A

It was hierarchical and there was a lot of order

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4
Q

When did William Laud become a priest at Oxford ?

A

1601

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5
Q

What was William Laud’s first role ?

A

Chaplain to Richard Neile, Archbishop of York

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6
Q

When did William Laud become Bishop of London?

A

August 1628

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7
Q

When did Laud become Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

1633

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8
Q

What was the religion of the majority of the gentry ?

A

Puritan

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9
Q

What percentage of the British population were Low Church ?

A

10%

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10
Q

What percentage of British population were Anglican?

A

89%

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11
Q

What percentage of British population were High Church?

A

1%

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12
Q

Where does Scottish Church (The Kirk) lie on the scale of Christianity ?

A

Low Anglican

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13
Q

What religion was Queen Henrietta Maria?

A

Catholic

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14
Q

Did Arminianism favour bishops or diminish them?

A

Favour them and wants to give them more power

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15
Q

Were decorated churches high or low Church?

A

High Church

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16
Q

When did Laud and bishops become involved in politics ?

A

1640

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17
Q

When and what was the Apologetical Narration ?

A

January 1644 - puritans asked for the right to establish indecent churches outside the national establishment

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18
Q

When and what was The Root and Branch Petition?

A

December 1640 - scrapping of government by bishops

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19
Q

What religion was Oliver Cromwell?

A

Independent - be alone with God

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20
Q

What groups were given more freedom under Cromwell?

A

Dissenters

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21
Q

When and what was the Worcester House Conference ?

A

October 1660 - Tries to keep Presbyterianism within the Anglican Church and reinstated bishops

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22
Q

When and what was the Act of Uniformity?

A

1662 - forced priests to wear surplices

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23
Q

When and what was the Five Mile Act?

A

1665 - 800 priests were driven away from their parishes after the Great Ejection

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24
Q

What four Acts were included in the Clarendon Code ?

A

Corporation Act (1661), the Act of Uniformity (1662), the Conventicle Act (1664) and the Five Mile Act (1665)

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25
Q

When and what was the Corporation Act?

A

1661 - someone cannot enter government unless they had taken Holy Communion a year beforehand

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26
Q

Who was George Fox?

A

•Founder of Quakers
•Charged with blasphemy in 1650

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27
Q

How many Congregationalist churches were there in 1640?

A

8

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28
Q

How many Baptist Churches were there in 1620s?

A

5

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29
Q

What did Presbyterianism emphasise ?

A

•Education and learning
•Sovereignty of God and holiness of scripture

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30
Q

Who was Robert Brown?

A

•Founder of Brownism
•Arrested 32 times for persecution

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31
Q

Who was Henry Barrow?

A

•Founder of Barrowists
•Hanged on 6th April 1593 for circulating seditious books

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32
Q

What religion were leading opponents of Charles 1 such as John Pym and John Hampden ?

A

Puritans

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33
Q

What happened to dangerous and mainstream puritanical groups during the Interregnum?

A

Mainstream groups grew and dangerous groups fell in popularity

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34
Q

Who were bigger during 1660 Presbyterians or Separatists ?

A

Presbyterians

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35
Q

What did Thomas Hall believe in ?

A

•Abolishment of priests and bishops
•Infant baptism is childish and goes against holy ceremony
•Scripture is false

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36
Q

Who was Oliver Heywood?

A

A Puritan who wished to become a minister however was put under the Five Mile Act in 1665 after failing to obey the Act of Conformity.

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37
Q

Which two Archbishops constantly attacked Puritans ?

A

•Archbishop Richard Bancroft tried to end Dissension (1604-1610)
•Archbishop William Laud pushed for a Higher Church Prayer Book (1635-1645)

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38
Q

How many priests were expelled in the Great Ejection ?

A

1800

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39
Q

How many priests were ejected in the summer of 1662 alone ?

A

1000

40
Q

When was the Declaration of Indulgence withdrawn ?

A

1673

41
Q

Who was John Shave ?

A

A priest ordained in 1629 favoured by Cromwell and preached regularly at Hampden Court he became a Royal Chaplain in 1660

42
Q

What happened when John Shave was banned from preaching ?

A

8 June 1661 - Sir Edward Nicholas under the Clarendon Code and then only preached in private houses from then on

43
Q

Who was Gilbert Sheldon?

A

Chaplain to Charles 1 imprisoned in 1648 and then became Bishop of London in 1660 and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1663

44
Q

What is an example of when Gilbert Sheldon pushed against dissent ?

A

1670 - The Second Conventicle Act fining anyone attending a Conventicle (unlawful religious meeting)

45
Q

What did Charles do instead of calling a Parliament in 1684?

A

Created a government backed by Tory ministers

46
Q

What religion were the Tories?

A

Anglican Royalists strongly against dissent

47
Q

What are Latitudinarians?

A

Stayed within the CofE yet were still relatively low Church proving that “Anglican” can be a broad term

48
Q

What were the Triers and Ejectors?

A

A group set up by Cromwell in 1654 to eject any ministers with Laudian or Arminian sympathies

49
Q

Why was persecution of dissenters relieved in 1667?

A

The failure of The Second Anglo-Dutch War allowed Clarendon to be sacked

50
Q

What religions were some of Charles 2 advisors ?

A

Two Roman Catholics, one near atheist, and two with close connections with Puritans

51
Q

How and when did Danby try and increase persecution of dissenting groups ?

A

1676 - tried to mount a census against them however he was unable to push it through

52
Q

Why did the relationship between Whigs and dissenters grow ?

A

The Popish Plot

53
Q

Who challenged the Act of Uniformity?

A

Two judges supported by John Wilkers Bishop of Chester tried to include dissenters in the Church of England

54
Q

On the local level were dissenters punished?

A

No many people were sympathetic

55
Q

When did the Catholic Church arrived in England in the form of St Augustine?

A

597 AD

56
Q

When did the Act of Supremacy kick out the Pope?

A

1534 AD

57
Q

When did Bloody Mary 1 put more than 300 Protestants on the stake ?

A

1553 AD

58
Q

When did the Spanish Armada attack trying to convert England to Catholicism?

A

1588 AD

59
Q

When did the Gunpowder Plot occur?

A

1605 AD

60
Q

When was the Great Fire of London and what significance does it have relating to religion?

A

1666 - blamed on Catholic agents ( fire of hell)

61
Q

When was the Raid on the Medway and what significance does it have to religion?

A

1667 - done by the Dutch protestants

62
Q

When and what was the Triple Alliance ?

A

1668 - A treaty between Dutch, Sweden and England to help prevent French takeover

63
Q

When and what was the Treaty of Dover?

A

1670 - Charles II agreed to become Catholic for money

64
Q

When did King Louis XIV invade the Netherlands?

A

1667

65
Q

Who were the two Catholics in CABAL government?

A

Clifford and Arlington

66
Q

Who was the dissenter in the CABAL government?

A

Ashley

67
Q

When was Viscount Osborne made Earl of Danby ?

A

1674

68
Q

How did Danby build up enormous control of Lords and Commons ?

A

Royal Patronage

69
Q

Why and when was Danby’s fall ?

A

1678 - he was linked with Popery

70
Q

When was Charles’ Declaration of Indulgence? (first one)

A

1672

71
Q

What did the second Declaration of Indulgence achieve for dissenters ?

A

It showed them more sympathy

72
Q

What did the second Declaration of Indulgence achieve for catholics ?

A

It allowed them to worship in private

73
Q

When did James Duke of York being Catholic become public?

A

1669

74
Q

When did James marry Catholic Mary of Modena?

A

1673

75
Q

Who were two of Charles II’s mistresses ?

A

Nell Gwynn and Louise de Kerouaille

76
Q

What did Gwynn claim when she was mistaken for Kerouaille to stop people throwing stuff ?

A

That she was protestant

77
Q

When was the Exclusion Bill put forward?

A

15 May 1979

78
Q

When and what was the Popish Plot?

A

1678 - Titus Oates spread a rumour that Catholics planned to kill Charles II

79
Q

When and what was The Rye House Plot?

A

1683 - a group of dissenters tried to kill Charles II and James II

80
Q

When were the French Huguenots expelled ?

A

1685

81
Q

How was James related to Quaker William Penn?

A

They were friends

82
Q

How was James II related to Louis XIV?

A

They are brothers in law

83
Q

When did James II become King?

A

1686

84
Q

When did James II ban anti-Catholic preaching ?

A

1686

85
Q

What was the Court of Ecclesiastical Commission ?

A

Very similar to the Preroagtive Court of Charles I that had been declared illegal in 1641

86
Q

Who did James II put in charge of his government ?

A

Judge Jeffreys and Robert Spencer

87
Q

Why did James II expel the fellows of Magellan College ?

A

They refused to appoint Samuel Parker a bishop who supported the repeal of the Test Act as their college president

88
Q

What significance did the Godden VS Hales case have to religion?

A

Catholic Officer Hales confirmed the Kings Right to exempt individuals from religious penal laws opening the doors to Catholic officers

89
Q

When and why was Bishop Compton of London suspended by the Court of High Commision?

A

1686 - refused to suspend John Sharp for preaching against Catholics

90
Q

Who instigated James’ Declaration of Indulgence ?

A

Quaker William Penn

91
Q

When was James’ Declaration of Indulgence ?

A

1687

92
Q

What did bishops have to do with the Declaration of Indulgence ?

A

Read it from their pulpit

93
Q

How many Bishops refused to accept the Declaration of Indulgence? (3 names)

A

7 - Archbishop of Canterbury, Bishop of Bath, Bishop of Bristol

94
Q

When was James Edward Stuart born?

A

10 June 1688

95
Q

When were the Bishops found not guilty for sedition?

A

30 June 1688

96
Q

When was the Test Act passed?

A

1673

History Stuarts (6 decks)

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