Politics - Interregnum Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of the House of Lords were Royalist?

A

66%

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2
Q

What were the three Parliamentary groups ?

A

Peace group, War group, Middle Group

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3
Q

When did Charles 1 end hostility in Ireland ?

A

Autumn 1643

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4
Q

Who won the Battle of Marston Moor ?

A

Cromwell (Parliamentary) did against Prince Rupert (Royalist)

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5
Q

When and where was the Battle of Marston Moor ?

A

York - July 1644

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6
Q

What was self denying ordinance ?

A

Where parliament gave up there control of the army to Fairfax to stop quarrels over power

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7
Q

When was self denying ordinance introduced ?

A

1645

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8
Q

Who won and when was the Battle of Naseby ?

A

June 1645 - The NMA won

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9
Q

When was the “Case of the Army Truly Stated “ manifesto drawn up and by who ?

A

Agitators - October 1647

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10
Q

When and where was Charles 1 first captured ?

A

May 1646 - Midlands

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11
Q

When and where was Charles 1 captured second ?

A

13th November 1647 - Isle of Wight

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12
Q

When did Charles 1 sign a treaty with the Scots for military assistance?

A

26th December 1647

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13
Q

When did the Scot’s invade England?

A

April 1648

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14
Q

When were the Scots defeated by Cromwell and the NMA?

A

August 1648

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15
Q

How many MPs were left after Ireton arrested and excluded some ?

A

240 MPs

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16
Q

What day was Charles 1 beheaded ?

A

30th January 1649

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17
Q

How many pamphlets with different political ideas were being printed in 1644?

A

1000

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18
Q

When did the calvary elect representatives (agitators)?

A

April/May 1647

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19
Q

What did the Act of Oblivion demand ?

A

Liberty on acts of religion

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20
Q

Who led the Levellers ?

A

John Lilburne, Overton + Wildman

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21
Q

How many MPs were excluded and arrested by Ireton ?

A

180 MPs excluded and 45 MPs arrested

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22
Q

What did the Putney debates put forward ? (3 Bullet Points)

A

•removal of the King from Parliament
•removal of HoL
•elections every two years

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23
Q

What battle and when was it were the Scots defeated by Cromwell?

A

July 1648 - Battle of Preston

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24
Q

What was Prides Purge?

A

Colonel Thomas Pride kicked out any MP that did not support the army

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25
When was Prides Purge ?
6th December 1648
26
How many MPs were left after Prides Purge and what was Parliament now called?
150 - Rump Parliament
27
When was monarchy and Lords abolished ?
March 1649
28
When was England declared a Commonwealth and a unicameral system?
April 1649
29
When was the Leveller meeting at Burford stopped ?
April 1649
30
What did the Lords elect in fear that the Rump would elect its self as sole legislative authority?
Council of State
31
How many acts were passed in 1649 and 1652?
125 Acts in 1649 and 51 Acts in 1652
32
What was the revenue shortfall of Rump Parliament in 1653?
£700,000
33
What was the Monthly Assessment ?
A tax to pay for war and war ships
34
How much did the Monthly Assessment raise and to what proportion of Charles 1 revenue?
£90,000 more than Charles 1 annual revenue
35
When did Cromwell go to Ireland to suppress Royalists ?
August 1649
36
What battles did Cromwell win against the Irish ?
Drogheda and Wexford
37
When did the Battle of Worcester happen and who lost ?
September 1651 - Charles 2 lost
38
Who helped Charles 2 when he was a fugitive ?
Catholic households
39
Who kicked out the Rump Parliament?
Cromwell
40
Who came up with the idea of the Nominated Assembly ?
Colonel Harrison
41
What were the two nicknames of the Nominated Assembly?
Parliament of Saints and Sinners and Barebones Parliament
42
Why and when was the Barebones Parliament dissolved ?
December 1653 because the Moderates gave up on it
43
What did the Barebones Parliament achieve ?
Moderate reform but Cromwell wanted more radical change
44
When was the First Protectorate Parliament ?
1654
45
How often were the elections held for the Protectorate Parliament?
Every 3 years
46
What were the criteria for voting in the elections for the Protectorate Parliament ?
£200 of personal property
47
How many ordinances were made by the First Protectorate Parliament?
84
48
When was the First Protectorate Parliament dissolved?
January 1655
49
When was there a Royalist Uprising and who was it led by ?
John Penruddant - Spring 1655
50
What was the major general rule system?
The country was divided into districts and a major general took control of each district
51
What did Major General Wasley and Whally do?
Wasley - closed down 200 ale houses Whalley - suppressed traditional entertainment
52
When was the Second Protectorate Parliament summoned ?
September 1656
53
When and how was the Major General system dissolved ?
1657 after the Second Protectorate Parliament voted down a Militia Bill
54
What and why did he do it when Cromwell was offered kingship?
He declined knowing the army would revolt against him
55
What and when was the James Naylor case ?
1656 - A quaker rode into Bristol on a donkey pretending to be Jesus so Parliament punished him severely
56
When and how did Cromwell die ?
1658 - malaria
57
What was the name of Cromwell son ?
Richard
58
What was the nickname given to Richard Cromwell?
Queen Dick
59
When did Richard summon the Third Protectorate Parliament?
January 1659
60
How long did Richard rule for before the Army Council of officers forced him to resign ?
9 months
61
When did George Monck march into London?
January 1660
62
What did George Monck do once he got to London?
Dissolved the Third Protectorate Parliament and resummoned the Long Parliament so it could dissolve itself and restart elections
63
What was the name of the new Parliament George Monck created and when was it created ?
Convention Parliament - April 1660
64
What did the Declaration of Breda include ?
Charles 2 claimed the throne
65
What did the Declaration of Breda not include ?
Any mistakes made by Charles 1
66
What did Monck and Hyde bring with them to bring back Charles 2?
£50,000 and a ship called the Royal Charles
67
What town did Charles 2 arrive at in England ?
Dover
68
When did the Interregnum end ?
25th May 1660