reliability and Validity Flashcards
what is reliability
a way to measure consistency
what can reliability assessed through
inter observer reliability
test-retest reliability
what is inter observer reliability and what does it do
- when two or more observers observe and record behavior consistency
what is test-retest reliability and what does it do
- the same people repeat a measure on different occasions
how to improve reliability within interviews
ensure that the same interviewer is conducting all interviews
- this will help reduce researcher bias
how to improve reliability within questionnaires
- change open to closed questions can minimize ambiguity
how to improve reliability through experiments
researcher scan increase control over extraneous variables
how to improve reliability in observations
operationalize the behavioral categories and ensure there is no overlap between categories
strengths for reliability
weaknesses within reliability
what is validity
extent to which the results of a study are legitimate
2 types of validity
internal and external validity
what is internal validity
whether outcomes are observed in an experiment are due to the manipulation of the IV and not any other factors
what is external validity
relates to factors outside the investigation, generalizable to other settings, populations and eras.
what are the different types of external validity
- ecological validity ]
- temporal validity
- population validity
what is ecological validity
extent to which findings can be generalized to other situations and settings
what is temporal validity
generalized to other historical times and eras
what is population validity
generalized by different populations of various ages, genders, and cultures.
what are the ways to assess validity
- face validity
- concurrent validity
- predictive validity
how to improve validity within experimental research
- use of control groups to see the impact on the IV
- use of standardized instructions and procedures to improve validity
how to improve validity within questionnaires
- researchers include lie scales
how to improve validity within observations
covert observations can reduced bias and increase validity
strengths within validity
weaknesses within validity
