Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMS TEST > Relevant Medical Information > Flashcards

Relevant Medical Information Flashcards

1
Q

orbit

A

pyramid shaped cavity in the skull, lined by 7 orbital bones; contains the eyeball plus its muscles, blood supply, nerves & fat. It protects the eye organ and expands as the organism grows.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucus membrane covering the outer surface of the eyeball & inner surface of lid - not the cornea. Maintains moisture and limited protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sclera

A

protective outer layer of the eye; contains collagen & elastic fibers; protect outer layer of the eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cornea

A

Window of the eye; covers iris, pupil & interior chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

iris

A

Color tissue behind cornea; controls amount of light entering the eye and separates anterior & posterior chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ciliary muscle

A

smooth muscle portion; responsible for relaxation, allowing lens to focus on near objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

choroid

A

vascule layet of the eye between retina & sclera; provides nourishment to outer layers of retina; forms part of uvea along with iris & cilieary body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

retina

A

light-sensitive nerve tissue that converts images from the eye’s optical system into electrical impulses which are sent to the optic nerve and on to the brain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lens

A

bi-convex intra-ocular tissue that brings rays of light to focus on the retina. Located at the posterior chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

optic nerve/ optic pathway

A

second cranial nerve; largest sensory nerve of the eye; carries impulses from retina to brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

optic chiasm

A

“X” shaped part from the retina to the brain nerve chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

occipital lobes

A

rear part of each cerebral hemisphere; responsible for vision & perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

temporal lobes

A

contain vision-conducting pathways to the occipital lobes, in charge of the hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

posterior parietal lobes

A

upper mid part of each cerebral hemisphere in the brain; responsible for body sensation. Processes sensory information that had to do with taste, temperature, and touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

macular degeneration

A

central acuity loss; travel vision is intact. Degeneration of retinal cones, it affects the macula, central field loss, dificultad con near task- reading, cocer y ver la cara de alguien

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

RP

A

Decreasing peripheral vision; may result in tunnel vision or complete blindness if the macula becomes involved- bumpinginto object and people, night time blindness, glare is a problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

retinopathy of prematurity

A

Destructive optical changes as a result of either prolonged oxygen therapy or delayed development of the organ
4. Increased ocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve & retinal nerve fibers
affects peripheral vision, glare, reduce vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

glaucoma

A

Increased ocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve & retinal nerve fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

Progressive retinal changes & growth of abnormal blood vessels; side effect of diabetes- central visual loss, blurry vision, fluctuating vision, floters or spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cortical visual impairment

A

Retina seems unaffected; lack of oxygen to the brain. cortical pathway & visual processing center of the brain is compromised in some way. uses peripheral rather than central, neorological problem nor sight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

optic nerve hypoplasia

A

congenital abnormality; optic disc is small, sometimes surrounded with a halo; vision my or may not be reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

rod/cone dystrophy

A

progressive retinal degeneration in both eyes; night blindness in childhood followed by loss of peripheral vision to finally blindness; hereditary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cone/rod dystrophy

A

degeneration of retinal receptors results in loss of color and central vision. the 3 C - clarity, color and contrast (you lose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

retinoblastoma

A

malignant Intraocular tumor that develops from retinal & visual cells; hereditary-affects peripheral fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

refractive errors

A

focus with the eye is not brought directly to the retina. nearsighted, farsighed

26
Q

OU

A

Both eyes

27
Q

OD

A

Right eye

28
Q

OS

A

Left eye

29
Q

audiogram

A

graph used to report hearing threshhold at different frequencies

30
Q

intensity

A

loudness of sound

31
Q

frequency

A

Number of vibrations that occur at the same rate over the same period of time

32
Q

phase

A

Sound wave of vibrating cycle

33
Q

pitch

A

measured in hertz

34
Q

decibel

A

measure of intensity

35
Q

Define the following terminology as it relates to an audiogram: the symbol “X”

A

left ear

36
Q

Define the following terminology as it relates to an audiogram: the symbol “O”

A

right ear

37
Q

Define the following terminology as it relates to an audiogram: the symbol “

A

right ear sensorineaural or conductive

38
Q

Define the following terminology as it relates to an audiogram: the symbol “>”

A

left ear sensorineural or conductive

39
Q

conductive hearing loss

A

lesion or disease in the outer or inner ear. O&M needs to focus on use of hearing aids, use environmental sounds, move slower; low tone of traffic needs to be adjusted for.

40
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

A

disfunction within inner ear, generally the cochlear is the cause. O&M focus on recognition of environmental sound level data

41
Q

mixed hearing loss

A

result of both above problems ( conductive and sensorineural hearing loss). O&M focus should combine both methods of modification from each; augmented communication may be necessary. Steady decrease of both symbols on report

42
Q

Given a scenario of a learner with a specific hearing loss, identify the functional implications related to O&M.
Note: Information to study contained in section 2.3

A

Get best ear focused on traffic; decrease likelihood of environmental clutter by picking time of day or specific intersections; useamplification equipment

43
Q

What eye diseases are associated with diabetes?

A

Diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataratas

44
Q

What are the considerations when developing an O&M instruction program for persons with diabetes?

A

When developing an O&M program, the instructor should consider fluctuating vision; neuropathy flare-ups; glucose level indicators; medical plans, contact person

45
Q

What eye diseases are associated with AIDS?

A

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Kaposi’s Sarcoma, Uvetitis, Toxoplasmosis, Cryptococcal Meningitis, central nervous system infection, HIV retinopathy

46
Q

What are the implications of AIDS for O&M instruction?

A

Prevention of contamination; good hygiene, reschedule lessons if instructor has possible contagion, follow universal health precautions. Confirm all meetings, be flesible to present endurance level

47
Q

seizure disorder

A

seizures: record-keeping of events prior to episode (cognitive, emotional, medical, etc); Be prepared (know probable type, guidelines, contact, etc)

48
Q

arthritis

A

arthritis: Flexibility/adaptation to lesson; modify cane grip/composition

49
Q

high blood pressure

A

High blood pressure: cardiovascular endurance levels, more bathroom breaks - so shorter routes;

50
Q

heart condition

A

Heart condition: similar to blood pressure; know CPR, be aware of medical information

51
Q

asthma

A

asthma: may vary with cold/warm weather, have prescribed inhaler available; remind to breathe thru mouth (scarf in winter)

52
Q

A. What are some signs that a person is having a hypoglycemic reaction or a hyperglycemic reaction?

A

A. Dizziness, fatigue, drowsy, light-headed, or decreased bllod flow to outer extremities (hypo); frequent urination, redness in face, headache, sudden irritation (hyper)

53
Q

B. What should an O&M specialist do if a client has a hypoglycemic reaction or a hyperglycemic reaction during an O&M lesson?

A

B. Have student sit in a reclined chair, stay with client, administer sugar-based product,

54
Q
  1. seizures
A
  1. Seizures: limit strobe light effects & reflective geometric patterns, know side effects of medication and duration of spike/low. Insist on medi-alert bracelet
55
Q
  1. allergic reactions
A
  1. Allergic reactions: avoid allergy-prone areas or times of year, request epi-pen from family
56
Q
  1. frequent aggressive behavior
A
  1. Frequent aggressive behavior: maintain accurate records; schedule lessons to correspond to best working time; instructional time needs to be varied; consider goals/objectives & appropriate interventions
57
Q

What are the procedures for responding to the following incidents?
seizures

A
  1. seizures: Clear the environment; loosen clothing; record information about precursors,event & post; if longer than a few minutes, call for assistance
58
Q

What are the procedures for responding to the following incidents?
falls

A

falls: Ascertain severity, provide basic first aid, contact EMT as appropriate

59
Q

What are the procedures for responding to the following incidents?
3. emotional/behavioral incidents

A

emotional/behavioral incidents: record keeping of precursors and event; attempt redirection;

60
Q

What are the procedures for responding to the following incidents?
allergic reactions

A

allergic reactions: record keeping, determine cause if possible, administer treatment if given permission & available, call EMT for severe reactions

COMS TEST (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions