RELATIONSHIPS- influence of childhood on rels

Question 1

what did shaver say?

Answer 1

our experience of love is an integration of 3 behavioural systems acquired in early infancy & childhood

Question 2

what are the 3 behaviour systems?

Answer 2

attachment
caregiving
sexual system

Question 3

what is meant by attachment acquired in early infancy & childhood?

Answer 3

related to concept of IWM by bowlby

Question 4

what did the IWM say?

Answer 4

later rels are likely to be continuation of early attach styles (secure/insecure) as the primary attach figure promotes on IWM of relationships which will set standard for later r’s

Question 5

what is meant by caregiving acquired in early infancy & childhood?

Answer 5

knowledge about how one cares for other which learnt through modelling b of primary attach figure

Question 6

what is meant by sexual system acquired in early infancy & childhood?

Answer 6

also learnt through early attach e.g those who suffered an avoidant attach may look sex without love pleasurable

Question 7

what are the studies in relation to this topic?

Answer 7

qualer et al
nangle et al
schneider et al 
simpson et al 
belsky et al

Question 8

what did qualer et al say?

Answer 8

shown how many children & interaction with peers. way child thinks bout self determined by experiences that become internalised/result develops a sense of their own value & how approach adult rels

Question 9

what did nangle propose?

Answer 9

that childrens friendships= training ground for adult rels. this close r’s could play a significant role in developing character roles as characterised by affection,alliance & intimacy= important qualities in adult rels.

Question 10

what is the gender diff study?

Answer 10

schneider et al

Question 11

what is schneider et al proposing?

Answer 11

girls more intimate friendships while boys = moe competitive. could affect how both genders develop in ability to interact with peers later in life too and s.s. ‘intra sexual comp’ among males may offer reason of gender diff

Question 12

critiscm of schneider?

Answer 12

may be flawed in assumption that it is early attachment styles alone shaping later rels but differences in gender also due to socialisation- nature /nurture due to males competitive streak

Question 13

what did emin et al say with schneiders study?

Answer 13

any gender diff are over emphasised and many similarities are overlooked

Question 14

what does simpson et al study suggest?

Answer 14

longitudinal study 25yrs involving 28 p at 4 key points. Infancy,childhood,adolescence,adulthood. findings supported the claim that expressions of emotions in adults related back 2 early experiences

Question 15

positive of simpson et al?

Answer 15

allows reorders 2 observe b first had as to asking people 2 rely on memory (biased (affected)

Question 16

negative of simpson et al?

Answer 16

other variables could be affecting adult r’s such as cultural/social

Question 17

what did fraley et aldo ?

Answer 17

conducted meta analysis of studies found positive correlations btw early attch and later r’s. implication is greater support likely needed in childhood stage to encourage social int etc as could affect adulthood with diff adult rels

Question 18

negative of fraley et al?

Answer 18

only considered us (cultural bias)

limited to us children & adults 4 most part

Question 19

what did belsky et al do?

Answer 19

secure women less conflict w husban than in. also found to manage conflict and this applied to dating and married c. secure ind more committed and feel greater love for partners

Question 20

how does shaver support belsky?

Answer 20

supports early attach to later

Question 21

what did hamilton et al find?

Answer 21

found secure children =insecure later in life due to negative life events

Question 22

what did rutter et al find?

Answer 22

insecure in childhood did not always resonated into poor adult r’s

Question 23

postive of rutter et al?

Answer 23

suggests bigger role 4 nurture and environment shaping 1s b for more than that of attach styles

Question 24

eval of childhood on adult r’s? 1

Answer 24

reductionist - dont factor other complex things . say attach to later r’s but more complex e.g experiences. cause we have free will which allows us to break away from early attach addressing problem areas

Question 25

eval of childhood on adult r’s? 2

Answer 25

deterministic assume fate sealed by childhood but in truth we are constantly learning and adapting so attach styles may change

Question 26

eval of childhood on adult r’s? 3

Answer 26

studies that find correlation attach styles and success of later rs never can be proven either. impossible for cause and effect as could be other factors

Question 27

eval of childhood on adult r’s? 4

Answer 27

any probs later in adulthood could be down to other things. so big methodological probs for such longitudinal study

Question 28

eval of childhood on adult r’s? 5

Answer 28

such studies in attach styles e.g ainsworth are culturally specific and not applicable 2 non western (cultural bias)