Rehab Health Careers Flashcards
what is abduction?
moving body part away from midline
what is adduction?
moving body part toward midline
what is flexion?
bending body part
what is extension?
straightening body part
what is hyperextension?
excessive straightening of body part
what is pronation?
turning body part downward (palm down)
what is supination?
turning body part up (palm up)
what is rotation?
moving body part around its own axis (turning head side to side)
what is circumduction?
moving in a circle at a joint
what is opposition?
touching each finger with tip of thumb
what is inversion?
turning body part inward
what is eversion?
turning body part outward
what is dorsiflexion?
bending backward (bending foot toward knee)
what is plantar flexion?
bending forward (straightening foot away from knee)
what does heat do to blood vessels?
heat causes blood vessels to dilate (vasodilation), which eases pain by allowing blood to carry away fluids that cause pain & inflammation and more blood to area (more O2 and nutrition) for healing
what does cold do to blood vessels?
blood vessels constrict (vasoconstriction), which decreases swelling b/c fewer fluids present and it numbs pain
what are examples of moist cold?
cold compresses/soaks/packs (more penetrating than dry cold)
what are examples of dry cold?
ice bags/collars, hypothermia blanket (used to reduce high temp.)
what are examples of moist heat?
sitz bath & hot soak
what are examples of dry heat?
warm water bags & heating pads
what does cold applications (cryotherapy) do?
relieve pain, reduce swelling, reduce body temp, and control bleeding
what does heat applications (thermotherapy) do?
relieve pain, increase drainage, stimulate healing, increase circulation, combat infection, relieve muscle spasms, and increase muscle mobility
what do physical therapist do?
restore function, relieve pain, and prevent disabilities after disease/injury/loss of part
how do physical therapist treat and their education?
tx: exercise, massage, and application of cold/heat/water/light/electricity/ultrasound
ED: Master’s degree and license in all states
what do physical therapy assistant?
help PT assisting with mobility, relieving pain, and preventing/limiting permanent physical disabilities
ED: 2 yr (Associate)
what do orientation & mobility instructor do?
help visually impaired, blind, and deaf individuals move independently
methods: guide dogs, canes, sensors, & electronic travel aid
ED: bachelor degree minimum & master degree preferred
what do certified orthotist do?
-provide services for pt. w/ disabling conditions of limb/spine
-design, fabricates, and fits braces/strengthening apparatus
-supervise personnel and lab activities necessary to develop new devices for straightening distorted part (orthosis)
what do certified prosthetist do?
-provide care to pt with client with partial/total limb loss or who use artificial limb
-design, make material selection, production, instructor on use, and eval. of appliance
what do occupational therapist do?
help pt. reach highest level of independent living by overcoming physical injury/birth defects/aging/developmental & emotional problems
what do occupational therapist use?
prosthetic device, walkers, wheelchair, canes, crutches, and splints
what do athletic trainer do?
work under supervision of team physician in variety of amateur/professional sports
what can limited movement cause?
- contracture
- muscle/joint function decrease
- circulatory impairment
- mineral loss
- other problems: poor appetite, constipation, UTIs, respiratory problems, and hypostatic pneumonia
what do the 4 different ROMS do?
Active: strengthen muscles, maintain joint function & movement, and prevent deformities
Active Assistance: same as Active
Passive: maintain joint & prevent deformities but no strengthen
Resistive: increase strength and endurance
when are transfer belts contraindicated?
pt w/ ostomy, gastrostomy, abdominal pacemaker, severe cardiac/respiratory disease, fractured ribs, pregnant, and recent surgery on lower chest/abdomen
what can increase a patient’s chance to fall?
increased age, poor vision, confusion, frequent urine/stool, sedation meds
