Imaging Flashcards
images can be obtained by?
using x-ray/radioactive substances/sound waves/body’s magnetism
a radiologist can treat diseases by?
radiation (radiation oncology) or minimally invasive, image guided surgery (intervention radiology)
what does a radiologist technologist do?
use x-ray for diagnoses & tx, produces images of diseases and disorders, and internal images of organs/bones. select proper technique to ensure quality of radiograph and administer dye to make internal body parts visible
what is the education for radiologist technologist?
2 years is the average
what is the job of radiation oncologist?
determine tumor tx plan for patient
what are the goals of radiation oncologist?
cure, relieve pain & distress, enhance action of drugs, and establish local tumor control
what does a radiation oncologist must identify?
volume of pt’s body treated, radiation entry & exit, radiation source, amount & # of doses, total tumor dose, and prescription dose (isodose)
what is a NMT job and education?
prepare and administer radiopharmaceuticals in effort to detect and treat diseases
education: 1 to 4 yr program
what is the job of ultrasound technologist/sonographer?
use non-ionizing high-frequency sound waves into pt. body, then collect reflected echoes to form images. produces 2D images
what is the education for a ultrasound technologist?
2 to 4 year program (specialties: obstetrics and gynecologic)
what is the job of radiation therapist?
explain tx plan to pt; follow safety procedures to protect pt and themself from overexposure; examine machine; x-ray pt; check computer program so it gives correct dose in right area; monitor to check for reactions; and keep detailed record to tx
what is the job of mammographers?
ionizing radiation to create breast images for breast cancer screening and diagnostic; use low doses and accurate positioning to optimize imaging & maintain safety standards
what is the education of mammographer?
associate/bachelor in radiography (most specialize while enrolled)
what is the job of a CT technologist?
use ionizing radiation to produce cross-sectional images. images show tissue, bones, organs, and blood vessels
what is the job of MRI technologist?
use resonant frequency properties of atoms w/in magnetic field to image anatomic/psysiologic conditions of body. also prepare & administer contrast solution
what is education of MRI technologist?
associate, diploma, or bachelor
what is the job of cardiovascular technologist?
work in cardiac cath lab & perform complex procedures (stent implant, cardiac pacemaker, defibrillator, and other diagnostic test)
where can diagnostic radiography be performed?
- abdomen: intestine, kidney, & stomach
- CNS: brain & spinal cord
- chest: lungs
- face & neck: sinuses & carotid arteries
- heart & vascular system
what is noninvasive imaging and where is it used?
taken outside body & don’t need contrast medium
used on: fingers, chest, spine, and skull
what is invasive imaging?
taken inside body & allows organs and blood vessels to be viewed. contrast media used
how can the contrast media put in body?
throw cath/injected/inserted manually/swallowed
- organic iodine/barium based
who is the person to discover X-rays?
Wilhelm C. Roentgens in 1895
who discovered contrast agents?
pharmacists
what does fluoroscopy use?
X-ray beam to produce “live” X-ray image. contrast media used. often used to observe heart and GI (barium swallow for upper GI and barium enema for lower GI)
what is intravenous pyleogram?
X-ray exam of KUB. used iodinated contrast material to turn the kidneys and ureters white
how does MRI work?
magnetic field aligns hydrogen atoms (when pulse of waves direct, H atoms change alignment of nuclei)
what is a breast tomosynthesis?
3-D breast imaging (mammography system where X-ray tube and imaging plate move)
what is nuclear medicine?
branch of imaging that use radioactive material to diagnose and determine severity of/treat diseases (cancer, heart, GI, endocrine, neurological). able to identify diseases in earliest stage
how does a pet scan work?
involves acquisition of physiologic images based on detection of radiation from positron. radiotracer is swallowed/injected/inhaled
what does echocardiography show?
use sound waves to examine motion, shape, and bloodflow. show size, thickness, and pumping strength + valve function
what is an angiogram?
image of arteries and veins filled with contrast
what is an arteriogram?
only arteries with contrast
what does an abrupt stop in a coronary angiography mean?
bloodclot or atheroma (fat deposit)
what is a collimator beam?
restricting device permanently mounted under tube housing (has 2 pairs of lead shutters with light source and reflecting mirror to be precise)
