Regulations and controls - FCI and Ante-mortem Flashcards
List the tasks of the official veterinarian in the slaughterhouse
Auditorial responsibilities
Inspection:
- Food chain information
- Ante-mortem
- Animal welfare
- Post mortem inspection
- SRM
- Laboratory testing
Describe the traceability pre-requisites required for ante-mortem in the abattoir for cattle
Ear-tags (2x) and passports
Describe the traceability pre-requisites required for ante-mortem in the abattoir for pigs
Slap-marks (tattoos)/eartags and movement licenses
Describe the traceability pre-requisites required for ante-mortem in the abattoir for sheep
Electronic Identification (eartags– variable with age) and movement licenses
Describe the traceability pre-requisites required for ante-mortem in the abattoir for horses
Transponder and passport
- Horses born on or after 1 January 2016 shall be identified no later than 12 months following the date of birth. However, this deadline does not apply to certain horse populations living under wild or semi-wild conditions in designated areas
What happens to an animal if there is a complete loss in its tracibility?
Killed and disposed of
Who is responsible for obtaining and evaluating food chain information?
Food business operator - part of the HACCP and other Risk Assessments
What are the features of food chain information?
- Health status of the animal
- Withdrawal periods have been observed
- Movement restrictions (TB or other disease) to the holding area
- More extensive in chickens
Who audits the FBOs decision in regards to FCI?
Official veterinarian
What action occurs if food chain information doesn’t arrive with the animal?
- Detained alive or
- Slaughtered as long as all parts of the animal can be detained without being health marked
- If FCI not received within 24 hours of the animal’s arrival at the slaughterhouse, all meat from the animal is to be declared unfit for human consumption
Describe BSE active surveillance in fallen stock
If testing necessary farmer must contact a collector within 24 hours of the death of the animal to arrange for the animal to be taken to an approved sampling site within 72 hours of the death
Describe BSE passive surveillance
This is when an animal with clinical signs suspicious of BSE or scrapie is reported to an AHVLA Office to be investigated. Such cases are slaughtered and the examination of the brain determines whether the animal was affected by BSE or scrapie.
Describe active surveillance of scrapie
Aged over 18 months (>2 permanent incisors)
Sample of:
- Fallen goats/sheep
- Healthy goats/sheep slaughtered in participating slaughterhouses
- Fallen stock from CSFC (Compulsory Scrapie Flock Scheme)
What samples are used for scrapie testing
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Describe the features of FCI in pigs
Salmonella control plan
Controlled housing
All in/all out
Withdrawals/residues
Restrictions
Abnormality
Describe trichinella surveillance in pigs - testing
- Breeding domestic swine (sows and boars)
- Wild boar (any age, whether wild or farmed)
- Solipeds (any age)
- All pigs that have not been reared in premises officially considered to apply controlled housing conditions
- Exemption only applicable to domestic pigs: freezing treatment
Describe the features of FCI in horses
- Withdrawals
- No med that would exclude
- No analysis to suggest unsafe
- Abnormality
- All vaccinations must be recorded in Section V (equine influenza only) and in Section VI (all other vaccinations).
- Laboratory health tests to detect transmissible diseases must be recorded
- Medical treatment
When there is a suspicion of residues in a product, the FSA have the power to?
- Detain animals for a further examination
- Sample tissues/fluids taken for analysis
- Detain the animal / carcase or group of animals / carcases until the results of the analysis are available
What are the signs of a beta-agonist present in an animal?
- Good conformation with little fat
- Hyperaesthesia and tachycardia may be present.
- PM: flaccidity of the trachea.
- Urine collected
What are the signs of hormone growth promotors present in an animal?
- Secondary sexual characteristics
- Teat development
- Restlessness
- Behavioural changes
- Mounting
- Aggression
- An even level of finish in a group of cattle of different breed/types.
- PM: injection sites – oily? (adjuvant)
- Blood & urine or faeces collected
What are the minimum adequate facilities needed for examination of an animal
- Lighting
- Facilities: Crush for cattle,
- Access to all animals
- Detention pen
- Adequate training
- AWO (animal welfare officer)
When is an ante-mortem inspection carried out by the OV?
Within 24 hours of animal’s arrival at slaughterhouse
Less than 24 hours prior to slaughter
What are the 5 possible outcomes for an animal following an ante-mortem inspection?
- Fit for slaughter
- Fit for slaughter under certain conditions
- Detained
- Unfit for slaughter (disposed as ABP, consider if SRM present and reason for rejection)
- Humane killing whilst in the lairage, on welfare grounds, might be further processed, depends on reason for killing
Describe emergency slaughter as an exception to the OV ante-mortem inspection
- PM performed by OV
- Unfit for transport or fractious
- Certificate of Competence (CoC) for emergency slaughter
Describe a health certificate as an exception to the OV ante-mortem inspection
- Ante-mortem inspection by an approved veterinarian at the farm
- FCI given to the FSA Authorised Officer.
- The MHI at abattoir is satisfied that the: FCI/health certificate satisfactory and welfare not compromised
- The OV, verifies regularly the MHI actions
In which 5 situations is an animal unfit for transport?
- Unable to move independently without pain or to walk unassisted
- Present a severe open wound, or prolapse
- Pregnant females for whom 90% or more of the expected gestation period has already passed (this essentially means the last four weeks of pregnancy for cattle), or females who have given birth in the previous week
- They are newborn and the navel has not completely healed
- They are calves of less than ten days of age (unless they are transported less than 100 km)
Animals must not be held in the lairage for more than?
48 hours
What are the legalities of animals kept in the lairage?
If >12 hours: feed
Water at all times.
In which situations would sick or injured animals still be considered fit for transport?
- Transport would not cause additional suffering
- Transported for the purposes of the illness or injury is part of a research programme
- Transported under veterinary supervision for or following veterinary treatment or diagnosis. Such transport shall be permitted only where no unnecessary suffering or ill treatment is caused to the animals concerned
- Have been subjected to veterinary procedures in relation to farming practices such as dehorning or castration, provided that wounds have completely healed.
What actions should be taken for animals that are dead on arrival (fallen stock)?
- Should be reported to APHA as a suspected Welfare in Transport case
- Post-mortem performed by APHA should the case result in a prosecution.
- The owner must be informed & allowed own veterinarian to be present in post-mortem examination
What actions should be taken for animals that are dead in the lairage (fallen stock)?
Derrogation: Emergency slaughter after OV inspection and approval.
Pododermatitis is common in pigs due to ?
Poor housing
Describe the 5 score of lameness
1 = visibly lame but can keep up with the group
2 = unable to keep up with the group
3 = requires assistance to rise, non-weightbearing on one or more limbs
4 = requires assistance to rise, non-weightbearing on one or more limbs, reluctant to walk, halted movement, unable to climb up steep ramps
5 = Unable to rise or remain standing, extreme discomfort or vocalisation
What action is taken if animals are grade 3-5 lame?
Humanely killed without moving it elsewhere
When reporting OV should collect video evidence
When an animal is slaughtered under religious practices how is this process different?
- Not stunned
- Unconsciousness before released from restraint. For a minimum: Ovine: 20 seconds, Bovine: 30 seconds
- Dead before further dressed
- Individually restrained; ruminants mechanically restrained.
- Minimise the time of restraint
- Only one live animal can be restrained at a time
- Must be stationary for the duration of the bleeding, until the animal is unconscious and for when the animal is killed without prior stunning.
- Restraining equipment must be checked and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
When moving an animal would cause unnecessary suffering what actions take place?
If FBO has not put the procedures: animal to be killed ASAP
If FBO not aware : why?
If FBO aware: enforcement
PM examination: how old?
How will an animal in a state of late pregnancy appear on ante-mortem inspection?
- Udder development (occurs earlier in heifers).
- Enlargement of the abdomen, particularly noted on the right hand side.
- Swelling of the vaginal area and vulval lips.
- Mucous discharge from the vagina
- Tail slightly raised and appear in discomfort if very close to birthing.
