Regulations Flashcards
Flight Time
- Pilot time that commences when an aircraft moves under its own power for the purpose of flight and ends when the aircraft comes to rest after landing
Flight Visibility
The average forward horizontal distance from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight.
Ground Visibility
- Prevailing visibility near the earth’s surface as reported by the USNWS or accredited observer
Major Alteration
- An alteration not listed in the aircraft, aircraft engine, or propellor specifications:
- That might affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics or other things affecting airworthiness
- That is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations
Major Repair
- Repair that may affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant ops, flight characteristics, or other items affecting airworthiness
- Repair that is not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations
Minor Alteration
An alteration other than a major alterations
Minor Repair
- Repair other than a major repair
Night Definition
- The time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight, as published in the Air Almanac converted to local time
Pilot in Command
- Person who has final authority and responsibility for the operation and safety of flight
- Has been designated as PIC before or during the flight
- Holds the appropriate category, class, and type rating, if appropriate, for the conduct of the flight
Preventative Maintenance
- Means simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations
VFR Over-the-Top
- The operation of an aircraft over-the-top under VFR when it’s not being operated on an IFR flight plan
Vfe Speed
Max Flap Extended Speed
Vne Speed
Never exceed airspeed
Vr Speed
Rotating speed for takeoff
Vs Speed
Stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed the a/c will be controllable
Vso Speed
Stalling speed/minimum steady flight speed which the plane is controllable in the landing configuration at the most forward center gravity
Vs1 Speed
Stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed obtained in a specific configuration
Vx Speed
Speed for best angle of climb
Vy Speed
Speed for best rate of climb
Va Speed
Maneuvering speed
FAR 43.3
- The holder of a pilot certificate may perform preventative maintenance on any a/c owned or operated by that pilot which is not used under part 121, 129, or 135
What does FAR 43.7 state?
- A person holding at least a private pilot certificate may approve an a/c for return to service after performing preventative maintenance
FAR 43.5 states what for returning an a/c to service?
- No person may approve for return to service any a/c that’s undergone mx, including preventative Mx unless an entry has been made in the mx records
91.17
- Alcohol regulation
FAR 91.103: Preflight Action before a flight
NWKRAFT
- NOTAM
-WEATHER - *KNOWN ATC DELAYS (for IFR)
- RUNWAY LENGTHS
- *ALTERNATE AIRPORTS (for IFR)
- FUEL REQUIREMENTS
- TAKE-OFF & LANDING DISTANCES
FAR 91.105 & 91.107 Seatbelts
- Flight Crew must have seat belts on:
1. During takeoff and landing
2. While at crewmember station - Flight Crew must have shoulder harness on:
1. During takeoff and landing….unless - Not equipped
- Unable to perform duties
PASSENGERS
- PIC must ensure that each person is briefed on how to fasten
- PIC must ensure that each person has been notified to fasten their belts prior to moving a/c
- Each person on board must occupy an approved seat with a belt during taxi, takeoff & landing
- Babies under 2 may be held by an adult with parent present
FAR 91.211 Supplemental O2
- At alt. above 12,500MSL up to and including 14,000MSL
- If more than 30 min, the flight crew must use O2 above 14,000
- Flight crew must use O2 always above 15,000
- Passengers must be offered O2
91.303 Aerobatic Flight
Not permitted:
- over congested area
- over open air assembly of people
- within boundaries of B C D E designated for airpot
- Within 4nm of centerline of an airway
- Below 1,500’ AGL
- When flight visibility is less than 3
Define Aerobatic Flight
- An intentional maneuver involving an abrupt change in a/c attitude or acceleration not necessary for normal flight
FAR 91.307 Parachuting
- No pilot of an a/c carrying a passenger may execute any intentional maneuver that exceeds-
- Bank angle of 60 degrees
- Pitch angle more than 30 degrees (up or down)
*Doesn’t apply to flight tests or spins required for a certificate
COFFPACF
COFFPACF
Crew unable to perform duties
Overdue flight/aircraft
Fire in flight
Failure of internal turbine component
Property damage $25K+
Accident
Collision
Flight control system failure
What makes an a/c airworthy for flight?
Airworthiness Certification
Registration
Radio Operators License : (For International flights only)
Operator’s Manual
Weight & Balance
BONUS
Supplements: Garmin 430 (signature and tail #)
Placards: Placard (like ones in section 2 of POH)
Inspections: AV1ATE-A
Annual: 91.409 : Conducted by A&P mechanic w/ inspection authorization
VOR (IFR only): Every 30 days (not needed for VFR)
100 hour 91.409 (b): Required if plane is for hire
Altimeter/Static: 91.411: Required every 24mos (+/-75ft.)
Transponder: 91.413 every 24 mos
ELT: 91.207 every 12 cal mos and battey needs to be replaced or recharged after 50% or 1hr cumulative use
Airworthiness Directives:
1. Urgent
2. Non-urgent
3. Recurring
Equipment Safe:
- MEL
- In the list, placard, fly
- Not in the list ->Squawk - MELX
- Type data certification sheet
- Kind of operation equipment list
- AD’s
- 91.205
FLAPS Night VFR equipment in addition to ATOMATOFLAMES
Fuses/Circuit breakers
Landing Light (only for hire airplanes)
Anti-collision light
Position lights
Source of power/