Regulating Arterial Pressure Flashcards
biggest contributors to regulating arterial pressure
autonomic nervous system & RAAS
what converts Angiotensin I to II
ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme)
Where are baroreceptors located?
carotid bodies and aortic arch
If you were to massage the carotid sinus by hand, how would the body respond to a sensed increase in pressure
the body would compensate by decreasing sympathetic tone and this slows heart rate
A decrease in arterial pressure would result in what actions by kidney
Renin is released by juxtaglomerular cells
In individuals with “set point” hypertension, they can be controlled with:
ACE inhibitors (Lotensin) or ACE receptor antagonist (Cozaar)
what is an example of a maladaptive response by the RAAS
with systolic heart failure, activation of the RAAS system to increase blood volume aggravates the heart
In cirrhosis, inappropriate aldosterone secretion contributes to ascites. This can be treated by spironolactone which does what?
is antagonist for aldosterone
what is ascites? what is main cause
fluid accumulation in peritoneal cavity, often caused by liver failure/cirrhosis
In individuals with unilateral renal artery stenosis from atherosclerotic CV disease, how would increased serum renin levels elevate bp to levels which risk:
stroke & MI
what is the result of SIADH
too much water in serum (normal Na+) however results in lower Na+ serum measurement….
how would you treat a patient with a low serum sodium level
Fluid Restriction (too much water vs. sodium)
ANP does what
inhibits Na+ reabsorption due to too much preload. It is sensed by the atria
