Regional issues Flashcards
Why were measures taken by HVIII to create a single unified state ?
to bind the country as one nation.
Before 1536, Wales was a _________ territory.
separate
What were the two key areas that Wales was divided into before 1536 ?
1) Marcher Lordships
2) The Principality of Wales
What was the Principality of Wales ?
The region of Wales before 1536 that covered central and Northern Wales and was ruled by the Prince of Wales
What were Marcher Lordships ?
Border areas controlled by English lords with special powers, stretching along the England-Wales border. (before 1536)
How did the separate rule of the principality of Wales and Marcher Lordships change in 1536 ?
The laws in Wales act of 1536 ended the separate rule of these regions
How was Wales divided after the laws in Wales act of 1536 ?
Wales was divided into Shire counties, similar to those in England
How did Laws in Wales act of 1536 anglicise Wales ?
1) gave Welsh counties representation in Parliament
2) Brought Wales into an English legal framework
Give an example of Welsh counties became represented in Parliament through the Laws in Wales act of 1536.
Nobles such as the Earl of Pembroke and the anglicised Welsh gentry were responsible for controlling politics
Give 2 ways in which the Laws in Wales act of 1536 reduced the threat posed to HVIII.
1) Abolished Marcher Lordships ending their semi-independent rule bringing Wales into English control
2) brining shire counties under an English legal framework would ensure greater loyalty to the English crown.
What was an English palatine ?
A region in England where the local ruler had special powers, similar to the King
What 3 English counties were technically ‘palatines’ ?
1) Cheshire
2) Lancashire
3) Durham
How could Cheshire, Lancashire and Durham be considered Palatines ?
As they were separate jurisdictions from the rest of the Kingdom
Why was Durham more independent as a Palatine compared to Cheshire and Lancashire ?
This is because, Cheshire and Lancashire had fallen back into royal hands, however, Durham was still technically under the control of a bishop.
What Act of Union did Henry pass to reduce the level of Independence the Bishop of Durham enjoyed ?
The Act resuming liberties to the Crown
When was the Act resuming liberties to the Crown ?
1536
How can the Act resuming Liberties to the Crown in 1536 be said to be limited in achieving its aim of reducing the level of Independence the Bishop of Durham enjoyed ?
The Bishop maintained his own chancery (Court or office in charge of legal matters)
What event caused Henry and Cromwell to reestablish the Council of the North as a permanent feature of government ?
Problems caused by the Pilgrimage of Grace
When did Henry and Cromwell make the decision to reestablish the council of the North as a permanent feature of government ?
1536
Where was the Council of the North based ?
York
What two types of functions did the Council of the North hold ?
1) Administrative
2) legal
Give an example to show how, in the long term, the reestablishment of the Council of the North in 1536 was a long term success for helping Henry control the regions.
The Council of the North maintained order in 1549 despite issues elsewhere
When was the Principality of Wales and four english counties brought under the control of the Council of Wales and the Marches ?
1543
What 4 English counties along the Anglo-Welsh border came under the control of the Council of Wales and the Marches in 1543 (As well as the Principality of Wales) ?
1) Shropshire
2) Herefordshire
3) Worcestershire
4) Gloucestershire
