Regenerating Places Case Studies Flashcards
1
Q
Ulverston key Census data - Occupation
A
- Skilled traders = 14.1% compared to national average (NA) of 10.2%
- Professional occupation = 22.8% compared to NA of 20.3%
- Managers = 12.1% compared to NA of 12.9%
2
Q
Ulverston Key Census data - Socio-economic classification
A
- L1 2 and 3 (best) = 14.7% compared to NA of13.2%
3
Q
Ulverston key Census data - Other
A
- Economically inactive = 42.2% compared to NA of 39.1%
- Not worked in last 12 months = 72% compared to NA 61.1%
4
Q
Worsley Key Census data - Occupation
A
- Managers = 19.1% compared to NA of 12.9%
- Skilled trade = 6.9% compared to NA of 10.2%
5
Q
Worsley key Census data - Socio-economic classification
A
- L1 2 and 3 = 19.1% compared to NA of 12.9%
6
Q
Worsley key Census data - Other
A
- Economically inactive = 38% compared to NA of 39.1%
- Not employed in last 12 months = 69.7% compared to NA of 61.1%
7
Q
Successful rural place = Berkshire
A
- Home to UK’s largest industrial park
- M4 motorway runs through the county
- Lots of floodplains = goof for building
- Fastest growing town in SE = Slough at 16.3%
- Expected Berkshire will need 70,000 well qualified workers by 2020 - mainly in IT
8
Q
Kendal as a successful rural place
A
- Scenery in Lake district
- Good connections e.g. M6
- Led to lot’s of inward migration
- Lot’s of congestion and house prices have risen sharply
9
Q
Successful urban place = Sydney
A
- Part of economically successful region along Australia’s SE coast
- Half of Australia’s top 500 businesses located here
- Young workforce with median age of 36
- Migration rules focus on well-qualified migrants
- Average salaries 7th highest of any city worldwide
10
Q
Less successful places - Beattyville
A
- Norther Kentucky on fringe of the rust belt
Reasons for decline: - Overseas coal = cheaper
- Containerisation makes transportation cheaper
- more renewable energy in use
- Rust belt undergone economic re-structuring - less primary jobs and more low-paying tertiary jobs in retail etc
11
Q
Problems faced in Beattyville as a result of the decline
A
- Reduced revenue for councils as consumer spending falls
- Median household annual income = $12,000 compared to a national average of $54,000
- Brain drain
- 1/3 left high school with no degree - only 5% have college degrees
-life expectancy 8 years lower than the national average
12
Q
2011 England riots - reasons
A
- poor relations between police and black community of Tottenham
- High youth unemployment
- Urban deprivation
- little has been done following the riots with only ‘small steps’ being made to improve public relations with the police
13
Q
The northern powerhouse scheme
A
- Announced by George Osbourne in 2014
- empowers cities in the north of England to become a united economic force
14
Q
How have local identities hindered the northern powerhouse scheme
A
- Greater Manchester was set as the centre of the project - contested by Liverpool due to rivalry’s over football etc
15
Q
Why do Liverpool and Manchester have separate identities
A
- poor inter-regional transport links
16
Q
2011 London riots
A
- Broadwater farm estate - young black man falsely arrested, mom died of heart attack when home was searched
- Resulted in a police officer being murdered
- 2584 businesses attacked and 2987 arrests made
- Now building of new council houses in the area with locals worrying they will lose community gardens etc
17
Q
% of population of Ulverston town in social housing in 2011
A
8.1%
18
Q
Media influence - Ulverston McDonalds
A
PROS
- 85 jobs created
- Gap in the market for fast food chains in the area
CONS
- Concerns over litter - McDonald’s claim they will clean all litter 150m around the store
- Congestion on A590A
19
Q
Media influence - Beehive
A
PROS
- 70 jobs created
- attracts people to the area
CONS
- May reduce the amount of people using the town centre
20
Q
Media influence - New supermarket at Ye Olde Brewery
A
PROS
- attracts new investment into the area
- attracts more people into the town centre
CONS
- The store is 4.5 times bigger than the area has capacity for
21
Q
Media influence - Ulverston towns Conservation area
A
PROS
- financial aid of £3.3 million has led to the expansion of 33 businesses
- created 31 new homes
22
Q
Media influence - Canal regeneration plans
A
PROS
- Jobs and tourism opportunities
- Recreation opportunities for locals
CONS
- Cost over £36 million
23
Q
Heathrow expansion - What?
A
New runway which would allow for 260,000 extra arrivals annually
- would cost £14 billion and take 15 years to build
24
Q
Heathrow expansion - Pros
A
- Strengthens international trade links
- passengers numbers doubled since 1991 to 80 million annually
- other European airports may overtake Heathrow as the biggest in Europe
- creates 77,000 jobs
25
Heathrow expansion - Cons
- Biggest emitter of CO2 in Europe
- 700 more planes daily will disrupt locals
- aviation industry pay no tax on aviation fuel = pay nothing towards the environmental impacts
26
Heathrow expansion - Recent developments
- COVID - 19 led to a significant drop in passenger numbers - 2020 levels 44% lower than 2019 levels
27
HS2 - What
High speed rail network from London to Manchester and Leeds - Takes pressure of the roads etc
28
HS2 - Pros
- 15,000 jobs created
- UK only has 70 miles of high speed rail compared to Frances 1195 miles
- road building is costly at £30 million per mile
29
HS2 - Cons
- Loss of beauty spots e.g. Aylesbury vale
- Tax payers alliance are a pressure group that see it as a waste of money
- 708 woodlands would be destroyed
30
HS2 - Recent developments
Legs from Birmingham to Manchester and Leeds have been scraped
31
Winchester deserves better
- Felt the Silver hill development lacked affordable housing and had futuristic and insensitive architecture for a historic city
32
Winchester deserves better - FOR the development
- only a small portion of the area opposed the plans
- new retail will boost the local economy
33
Winchester deserves better - AGAINST the development
- Area doesn't need more businesses according to locals
- Conservation of heritage conflicts with the modern designs
34
Visions for the London Olympics
- More affordable houses
- Legacy post games with better facilities and new parks etc
- worlds most sustainable games
- Regeneration around Stratford and East London
35
Why were the Olympic games held in East London
- Loss of Docks had damaged the local economy - 2/3 adults were unemployed
- Environmental quality had suffered as a result of economic decline
36
Environmental Remediation for the Olympics
- Taking the most polluted land from the industrial areas and cleaning it up
This saw the...
- Removal of rubble
- Cleaning of all contaminated top soil
- Return of native species into the new wetland ecosystem
37
How did the Olympic games meet the environmental principles
- All buildings built to standards of BREEAM
- A single contained park which minimised movement between venues and encourages public transport use
38
Buildings with the greatest legacy after the Olympic games
- Energy centre which provides sustainable energy to local households
- Athletes village used as 2800 affordable houses
- London stadium now used bu West-ham united
39
Buildings with the smallest legacy after the Olympic games
- The orbit which is a visitor attraction which doesn't attract may visitors
- Basketball area was dismantled
- Hockey centre was relocated within the park
40
Regeneration in Glasgow
- 3 million visitors annually
- Global shift of industry saw the city lose it's ship building from 40 shipyards to 3 now - led to lot's of deprivation
--- Regeneration ---
- Clyde bank = flagship development with investment into new galleries such as the gallery for modern art
- Titan crane has been turned into a visitor attraction
- Now largest concentration of shops outside of London with no out-of-town shopping centres
- 60,000 jobs created
- Glasgow Harbour project cost £1.2 billion but saw development of student accommodation etc
41
Glasgow - The Gorbals
- Largest area of social housing - overcrowded with 700,000 people in the city centre in the 1980s - now turned into high rise buildings etc and locals are involved in the housing association which has reduced crime and made the area more attractive
42
Economic legacy of the Olympic games 2012
PROS
- £300 million under budget
- Lots of investment into Stratford
CONS
- House prices rose by 28% in Newham
43
Environmental legacy of the Olympic games 2012
PROS
- Most sustainable games
- 99% of materials were re-used
- Increased use of public transport
44
Social Legacy of the Olympic games 2012
PROS
- Turn the athletes village into affordable housing scheme
CONS
- Affordable housing reduced from 3000 to 1500
- Affordable housing is still expensive with people with an average income of £60,000 eligible for the homes
45
Need for regeneration in East Manchester
- Low levels of qualifications
- Industrial buildings left derelict
- De-industrialisation left many un-skilled workers unemployed
- Culture diversity is lacking
46
Aims of regeneration in East Manchester
- Improved housing and educational and economic prospects
- Improve the range and quantity of housing stock
- Improve the quality of the area
47
Success of regeneration strategies in East Manchester - Legacy of 2002 Commonwealth games
- Hopes for sports led regeneration in Beswick and Bradford
PROS
- 1100 new homes built in Beswick
- Increasing tourism in the area
CONS
- Area remained in decline for 5 years after the games
- Didn't address the need for jobs
48
Success of regeneration strategies in East Manchester - Second wave investment by the Abu Dhabi United Group
- Billionaire bought Manchester city FC
PROS
- £90 million invested into the area with sports facilities being created for the locals
CONS
- Beswick remains in the top 5% in UK for multiple deprivation measures
- Plan for 6000 houses still in planning stage after 3 years
49
Success of regeneration strategies in East Manchester - Metro link expansion
PROS
- Links poorer areas with well paid areas in the city
CONS
- Cost of the metro has led to 3000 fines being issued as people cant afford the service
50
Eden project facts
- 13 million visitors
- 3000 jobs and a further 2700 in suppliers
51
Ulverston east internet
- top 5 UK towns with slowest broadband
