Red Eye Flashcards
Redness of the eye (bloodshot eyes) occurs when __________ in your eye become _________ or __________________ .
the vessels ; swollen
irritated (inflammed)
Redness of the eye
It is a cardinal sign of ______________
ocular inflammation
Redness of the eye
The redness of your eye may be a cause for concern. However, most serious eye problems happen when you have redness along with _______ or _______________
pain
changes in your vision.
__________ is most common clinical problem encountered Emergency Unit in the Eye Clinic
Red eye l
Inflammation of almost any part of the eye can lead to red eye * _________\ leading cause
conjunctivitis
Causes of unilateral painless red eye with good vision
Good Visual Acutiy
- ____________
- Sub__________ ______
-_________/inflammed ________
- ______________
-Conjunctivitis
- Subcon juncti val Heam
-Pterygium/inflammed Pingeculum
-Episcleritis
Causes of unilateral painless red eye with variable VA
-________ Eyes
-__________ _____—-
- Digital ————
Dry Eyes
-Contact lens keratitis
- Digital eye strain
Causes of unilateral painful red eye with poor VA
_________
Severe _______
2 __________
Keratitis
Severe Uveitis
2 Glaucoma
Causes of unilateral painful red eye with good VA
Corneal _______
-_________
-Marginal _________
Anterior Uveitis (early)
Corneal ulcer
-Scleritis
-Marginal Keratitis
Anterior Uveitis (early)
Painless causes of Red Eye with good vision: Subconjunctival heamorrhage
Clinical diagnosis
No effect on vision
Causes: Spontaneous-____________ /___________.
Systemic illness eg ______/ bleeding disorders eg __________
Induced-___________.
When this occurs, a blood blotch may appear in one eye. The condition may look serious. However, if it’s not accompanied by ______ , it typically resloves in ______
-valsalva maneuver/Coughing
HTN; leukemia ; Trauma.
pain ; 7 to 10 day
conjunctivitis
Redness or irritation of the _________ on the inner part of the _________, _________ conjunctiva or the membranes covering the _________.
react to a wide range of bacteria, viruses, allergy-provoking agents, irritants and toxic agent
membrane
eyelids (palpebral)
forniceal
whites of the eyes (bulbar).
Causes of Conjunctivitis
_______
_______
_______
Allergic
Viral
Bacterial
Allergic conjunctivitis
mast-cell activation
IgE antibodies.
seasonal variation ; atopy.
Allergic conjunctivitis
Tx: _______-control inflammation with _______
________ stabilizers
-
Antihistamine - corticosteroids
Topical-; NSAIDS
Mast cell stabilizers
-
Viral conjunctivitis
is a common, highly contagious, self-limiting condition that is typically caused by _____virus(PCF and EKC)
Other viruses: few- ______ HSV, HZV, ______,_______
usually for ______ days from onset
adeno
Herpes; Mumps
Rubella; 10-12
EPIDEMIC KERATO- CONJUNCTIVITIS (EKC)
Commonly referred to as ________
self limiting ________ infection
Characterized by Redness, ________, ________, discomfort or ________
Apollo
adenoviral ;discharge
watering ; pain
viral conjunctivitis
Generally, a diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis is made on the __[________ alone with a +ve history of contact
Giemsa staining of _______________ may aid in characterizing the inflammatory response
Treatment is _________
clinical features
conjunctival scrapings
supportive
BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS(_____
Eye)
Spread by ____________/contact with other people or insects
clinical features= red eye+ _________________
Often require _____________
Pink
poor hygiene
thick, sticky discharge
antibiotic eye drops
PTERYGIUM AND PINGECULUM-
Conjunctival _________ due to - _______
Pterygium- ——————-
PINGECULUM- ——————-
degeneration ; UV Exposure
Fleshy triangular mass that extends to the cornea
Yellowish elevated bump or patch that does grow across the cornea
The Sclera-
The sclera is made up of three divisions:
Anteriorly: the __________ , loose connective tissue, immediately beneath the __________. Dense Vascular connective tissue lies btw the superficial scleral stroma and tenon capsule
Middle: __________, the dense white tissue that gives the area its color;
the __________, the innermost zone made up of __________ fibers blends with the suprachoroidal and supraciliary lamella of the uvea tract
episclera, ; conjunctiva.
sclera proper ; lamina fusca
Episcleritis is inflammation of the __________, ___________ layer of the eye.
It is relatively (common or rare?) , , benign and ___________.
____lateral reddness, mild discomfort, ___________
superficial, episcleral
common ; self-limiting.
Unilateral ; tearing
Simple episcleritis is _______ inflammation
nodular episcleritis indicates a _____________ with a well- defined area of elevation.
diffuse
localized process
The injection in episcleritis blanches with instillation of 10% __________ ophthalmic drops
phenylephrine
Causes
- ___________ syndrome
-_________ /______
- Long term use of __________ with _______
grittiness, discomfort, tearing watering.
Computer vision
Hormonal /age
Eye drops with preservatives
KERATITIS
contact lens
Acanthamoeba; herpes
erosion
pain, watering
Unilateral Painful with Good Visual Acuity :
- ______________ ulcer
- ___________
- Anterior ________ ( early stage)
Marginal corneal
Scleritis
Uveitis
Scleritis- Inflammation of the _________, made up of elastic fibers which blend with the suprachoroidal and supraciliary lamella of the uvea tract
lamina fusca
Unilateral Painful with Decreased Visual Acuity
-_________
-_________
Corneal ulcer
Keratitis
ACUTE ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA
Most occur spontaneously
Precipitating factors
-_________ -mydriatic agents -__________ -________-____________
mydriasis
accommodation
elderly
hypermetropia
Bilateral Painless with Normal Vision
List 3
Bilateral Painful with/without Impaired vision
List 2
- Bacterial conjunctivitis
- Viral conjunctivitis
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Viral Keratoconjunctivitis
- Chlamydial Keratoconjunctivitis
Hordeolum/ STYE
Boil on the eyelid from an acute eyelid infection
recurrent lid infections or inflammation (Blepharitis).
TREATMENT
Based on diagnosis
Supportive care –_________,__________
_______– topical/ oral
Topical vasoconstrictors
Anti-histamines
Mast cell stabilizers
Antibiotics
cold compresses ; artificial tears
NSAIDs
COMMON EYE CONDITIONS
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