Red And White Patches

Question 1

What is prevalence of leukoplakia?

Answer 1

1-2%

Increased 6 times in smokers

Question 2

What is the malignant transformation rate of white patches?

Answer 2

5-12%

Question 3

What is the malignant transformation rate of erythroplakia?

Answer 3

> 80%

Question 4

What are risk factors for progression of red or white patches?

Answer 4

Female
Long duration of patch
Non smoker
Location on tongue, floor of mouth or soft palate
Size >200mm squared
Non homogenous
Candida
Epithelial dysplasia

Question 5

Minor aphthous stomatitis

Answer 5

Most common

One or crops of painful ulcers affecting Labial and buccal mucosa, sulcuses or lateral tongue

Question 6

Major aphthous stomatitis

Answer 6

Rare and causes a large single ulcer persisting for many weeks
Soft palate, buccal mucosa and lateral tongue
>10mm

Question 7

Herpetiform aphthous stomatitis

Answer 7

Rare and causes crops of tiny ulcers usually on floor of mouth and ventral tongue

Question 8

Anaemia

Answer 8

Low haemoglobin

Question 9

Microcytic anaemia

Answer 9

MCV less than 80
DEFICIENT IN IRON
Further tests to work out why deficient in iron
Other causes include chronic disease and thalassaemia

Question 10

Macrocytic anaemia

Answer 10

MCV over 80
B12 or FOLATE DEFICIENCY
Chronic alcoholic

Question 11

Normocytic anaemia

Answer 11

MCV 80-100
Most likely due to chronic disease
Treat the chronic disease