Recovery of the patient and adverse anaesthetic events Flashcards
what are the four types of shock?
- distributive
- hypovolaemic
- cardiogenic
- obstructive
what is distributive shock?
severe infection or inflammation causing peripheral vasodilation taking blood away from internal organs
what is hypovolaemic shock?
due to loss of circulation volume
what is cardiogenic shock?
heart cannot pump effectively due to pathology or weakness
what is obstructive shock?
pathology obstructing the circulation
what are some causes of cardiac arrest?
- hypoxia
- hypercapnia
- anaesthetic overdose
- hypotension
- pre-existing heart disease
- electrolyte imbalance
- stimulation of vagus nerve
- hypothermia
what position does a patient have to be in for CPR?
right lateral recumbency
what does atropine do?
increase heart rate
what does lidocaine do?
treats ventricular arrhytmias
what is a ventricular tachycardia?
increased rate of QRS and lack of P wave
what is a ventricular extra systole?
Presence of occasional QRS without P wave
what are some signs of airway obstruction?
- dyspnoea
- snoring
- cyanosis
- reduced depth of respiration
what are some causes of apnoea?
- anaesthetic overdose
- hyperventilation
- cardiac arrest
- use of muscle relaxant
what causes hypotension?
- hypovolaemia
- peripheral vasodilation
- myocardial depression
- reduced venous return to the heart
what does adrenaline do?
stimulates the heart and helps blood flow by vasoconstriction
