Receptors and effector nerve endings Flashcards
Exteroception
skin
tactile, pressure, vibration, heat, pain
Proprioception
muscle, joint, tendon, deep tissues
set up, movement, deep pressure
Interoception
internal organs
homeostasis, function of internal organs
Meissner’s corpuscle
mechanoreceptor
in dermal papilla
sensitive to changing pressure
efficient in transducing information about low-frequency vibrations
Pacinian corpuscle
mechanoreceptor
in deep layers of skin, peritoneum, mesenteric, pleura, internal organs
responds to vibration at high frequency
Merkel’s disc
mechanoreceptor
in epidermis
slowly adapting
responds to light pressure
Ruffini corpuscle
mechanoreceptor
slowly adapting
in deep layers of skin
sensitive to cutaneous stretching
Free nerve endings
non-encapsulated
peripheral end of sensory axon
respond to pain and thermal stimuli
in epidermis, dermis, wall of vessels, gut tube, dura mater, cornea
Muscle spindle
proprioceptor
in perimysium of striated muscle
strimulate reflexively a muscle contraction to prevent overstretching
nuclear chain fiber-nuclei in center
nuclear bag fiber- many nuclei in central dilation
anulospiral nerve ending- central portion, wrapped by Ia sensory nerve ending
Flower spray ending- 2 afferent, near end of intrafusal fibers
Golgi tendon organ
proprioceptor
at the tendon-muscle junction
senses tightness of muscle fibers
Carotid body
interoceptor-chemoreceptor
detects carbon dioxide and low blood pH
result in increasing respiration
-> caudal nucleus solitarius via CN9
Carotid sinus
interoceptor
in carotid artery
stretch receptor
respond to increased arterial pressure as baroreceptors
-> caudal nucleus solitarius via CN9
bradycardia and decrease in blood pressure
Neuromuscular efferent
in smooth muscle: Bouton en passant
in striated muscle: motor end plate
