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Autonomics > Receptor Guide > Flashcards

Receptor Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Where are alpha1 receptors found?

A 
major blood vessels
skin 
GI
kidney
bladder
nose
eyes
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2
Q

what effect do a1 receptor agonists have on major blood vessels, skin, GI, kidney, bladder, and nose?
effect on BP?

A

constriction

increased BP

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3
Q

what effect do a1 receptor agonists have on the eye?

A

contraction causing mydriasis

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4
Q

Where are alpha2 receptors found?

A 
eye
pancreas
presynaptic nerve terminals
CNS
brainstem
spinal cord
nose
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5
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on the pancreas?

A

decrease insulin release to increase blood glucose

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6
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on presynaptic nerve terminals?

A

inhibit NT release

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7
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on the brainstem?

A

inhibit baroreflex

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8
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on the CNS?

A

decrease blood pressure

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9
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on the spinal cord?

A

inhibit pain transmission

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10
Q

what effect do a2 receptor agonists have on the nose?

A

constriction

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11
Q

where are B1 receptors found?

A

heart
kidney
eye

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12
Q

what effect do B1 receptor agonists have on the heart?

A

increase HR, contractility, and cardiac output by increasing cAMP

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13
Q

what effect do B1 receptor agonists have on the kidney?

A

increase renin secretion to cause vasoconstriction

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14
Q

what effect do B1 receptor agonists have on the eye?

A

increase production of aqueous humor

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15
Q

what effect do B2 receptor agonists have on skeletal/smooth muscle

A

relaxation to increase blood flow

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16
Q

what effect do B2 receptor agonists have on the pulmonary smooth muscle?

A

relaxation to increase airflow

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17
Q

what effect do B2 receptor agonists have on the GI smooth muscle?

A

relaxation to reduce motility

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18
Q

what effect do B1 antagonists have on the heart?

A

decrease HR and cardiac output

19
Q

what do a1 antagonists do?

A

block vasoconstriction (treat hypertension)
reduce prostate swelling (treat BPH)
decrease peripheral resistance of heart

20
Q

what effect will non-selective alpha antagonists have?

A

decrease BP with large increase in HR

21
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the eye?

A

contraction causing mydriasis

22
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on the GI?

A

relax (rest and digest)

23
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on the urinary tract?

A

relax

24
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on the heart?

A

slows HR

25
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on lungs

A

bronchoconstriction

26
Q

what effect do muscarinic agonists have on the eye?

A

constriction causing miosis

27
Q

what effect do M1 agonists have on glands?

A

increase secretion

28
Q

what effect do M1 agonists have on smooth muscle?

A

contraction dependent on calcium

29
Q

what effect do M2 agonists have on the heart?

A

decrease cAMP to relax heart

30
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the heart?

A

allow HR to increase (not by any means of stimulation)

31
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the bladder?

A

constriction

32
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the glands?

A

prevent secretion

33
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the lungs?

what would you expect they would be a treatment for?

A

prevent bronchoconstriction

asthma and COPD

34
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the GI tract?

A

slow down gut

35
Q

what effect do muscarinic antagonists have on the CNS?

A

block muscarinic receptors in brain

36
Q

nicotinic agonists are aka ______ blockers, what do they do?

reversible?

A

depolarizing
cause initial contraction of muscle followed by paralysis
non-reversible

37
Q

nicotinic antagonists are aka ______ blockers, what do they do?
reversible?

A

non-depolarizing
cause paralysis w/o initial contraction
reversible

38
Q

nicotinic neuronal receptor agonists will increase what neurotransmitter and cause what effects?

A

epinephrine

temporarily increase HR and BP

39
Q

what is the most notable effect of nicotinic antagonists?

A

hypotension

40
Q

what happens when you use a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChE inhibitor)? (what does acetylcholinesterase do?)
how do you counteract AChE inhibitors?

A

acetylcholinesterase rapidly breaks down ACh, so if you inhibit it then more ACh is available to bind to cholinergic (muscarinic/nicotinic) receptors causing greatly enhanced agonistic effects caused by these receptors (nicotinic causing initial contraction of muscle followed by paralysis, and muscarinic increasing secretions, can severely slow breathing due to bronchoconstriction)

to counter AChE inhibitors we can use a muscarinic antagonist like atropine

41
Q

what two things do B2 agonists increase in skeletal muscle?

A

glucose uptake and potassium uptake

42
Q

what effect do B2 agonists have on the pancreas?

A

glucagon secretion

43
Q

what effect do B2 agonists have on the liver?

A

increased glycogenolysis to increase blood glucose

44
Q

what do B3 agonists do?

A

relax bladder muscle

Autonomics (14 decks)

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