Recap 15

Question 1

Define Social housing, affordable housing

Answer 1

A key feature of social housing is to provide accommodation at affordable rents to people on low incomes. According to Shelter, social housing and affordable housing are one and the same thing.

Question 2

Define Yuppie

Answer 2

Short for ‘young urban professional’ – a young, university-educated adult who has a well-paid job and who lives and works in a large city.

Question 3

Define Gentrification

Answer 3

A change in social status, where former working-class inner-city areas are increasingly occupied and renewed by the middle classes.

Question 4

Define Social cleansing

Answer 4

Implies a particular section of a society being removed from an area; in a UK context it really means being priced out of an area because of rising housing costs.

Question 5

Define White flight

Answer 5

An existing white population leaves an area because an ethnic minority group begins to move into it.

Question 6

Define Social exclusion

Answer 6

When people, or whole communities, feel marginalised and blocked from the opportunities wider society enjoys.

Question 7

What is the most obvious sign of change in places?

Answer 7

The pattern of land use and in the buildings and spaces that accommodate new activities.

Question 8

Why is change undertaken?

Answer 8

There will be benefits of various sorts, from business profits to the provision of services, that improve the quality of the lived experience for many, but not all people.

Question 9

What is underlying much of the change in land use?

Answer 9

The competition for space. In general, it is true to say that the competition for living space is much greater in urban areas.

Question 10

In general, it is true to say that the competition for living space is much greater in urban areas. This competition involves two distinct layers of living space. What are they?

Answer 10

Competition between housing and other consumers of space (services, commerce and industry)

Competition for housing space within residential areas

Question 10

Most urban areas in the UK are expanding. What does this create an apparently insatiable demand for?

Answer 10

More space to accommodate new housing, new services, new retailing, new industrial and office parks.

Question 11

When it comes to bidding on the land market, there is a clear pecking order. What is it?

Answer 11

Retailing and high-order offices are usually able to bid highest, with housing and recreation at the bottom end of the bidding

Question 12

Who is the only possible intervention in the urban land market is by?

Answer 12

The local or country authority making use of planning legislation.

Question 13

What are the four housing sectors who compete for space allocated or purchased for residential development?

Answer 13

• Owner-occupiers
• Property developers acquiring housing to rent to tenants
• Housing associations providing affordable housing
• Local authorities providing social housing

Question 14

In an era of acute housing shortages, this competition immediately creates a situation of winners and losers. The decision as to which of these groups should benefit rests with who?

Answer 14

With local and county authorities who, in turn are guided by government policy and national legislation.

Question 15

Further potential tensions are created where consent has been given to build dwellings for sale to owner-occupiers. Why?

Answer 15

The type of dwelling to be built and its price will depend on the site. There will inevitably be disappointed groups of potential customers, ruled out because they cannot afford the prices or they waned some other form of dwelling.