Recap 12 Flashcards
Define culture
This is the way of life, especially the general customs, values and beliefs of a particular group of people that are passed on from one generation to next.
Define suburbanisation
The outward spread of the built-up area, often at lower densities compared with older parts of a town or a city. The decentralisation – of people first and then employment – is encouraged by transport and improvements.
Define regional disparities
The economic, and perhaps cultural gap between different parts of a country, with a wealthy core region and a poorer peripheral region.
Define post-colonial migrants
Arrived from countries that were once colonies of the UK but became independent after 1947 (sometimes called the ‘New Commonwealth’).
Define A8 migrants
Those from eight eastern European countries that joined the EU in 2004 (Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Hungary Czech Republic, Slovakia and Slovenia).
Migration is an important component of population change in local areas within the UK. What two impacts does it have?
It changes the total number of people living in an area
It can alter the structure of an area’s population
Internal migration is said to be a ‘zero-sum’ phenomenon. What does this mean?
Any net migration gain in one area can only occur if there is a net loss of migrants elsewhere.
For much of the twentieth century, a major migration within the UK was the so-called what?
‘North-South drift’
The North-South drift really started during the severe economic depression of the 1930s, which particularly hit the northern industrial regions. Why?
Because of the perception that a better quality of life was to be found in the South.
Another noteworthy migration in the twentieth century was suburbanisation, with people moving from inner cities to the suburbs. Why did this increase?
Because increasing numbers of people lengthened their journeys to work by moving out from the suburbs to towns and villages
What do internal migrants tend to be?
Young, mostly under 35
Relatively skilled/ educated and motivated
Seeking employment in an area of the UK
All regions of the UK have grown in population since 2004, but internal migration contributes to very different growth rates. Give examples.
The East and South East grew by 0.8% each year between 2004 and 2014, and London grew by 1.8% annually.
Scotland, Wales, the North East and North West all grew by 0.5% per year or less.
Because most internal migrants are young, this has contributed to some quite significant differences in average age between regions. Give examples (including an anomaly).
London is youngest, with an average age of 34.
In Scotland, the North East and North West the average age is 40-41.
The South West is an anomaly as it has the highest average age at 42.9 but also has positive net internal migration.
Where is most outward movement from London confided to?
The South East.
Describe the change in UK migration from 1945 to 2008.
There was more migration in the earler days but restrictions have been put in to try and slow down the migration.
