Rebellions And Harrying Of The North Flashcards
What happened in the Durham and York uprising in January 1069
Robert cumin was appointed the new earl of northern Northumbria
Looting by his men triggers a rebellion in Durham
Cumin and his men were killed
In February in York the governor and his Norman troops were killed
Edgar aethling comes from Scotland to support the rebellion and they attack the Norman sherif
Who was supporting the dhuram and York rebellion
Edgar aethiling
Durham
What was the outcome of the Durham and York revolt
Was quickly ended by Williams large army that travelled north
They quickly end the rebellion and destroy the city of York and build new castles
Events of the anglo danish attack on York September 1069
King sweyn of Denmark sends a large invasion fleet to England
The danish invasion force meet up with Edgar aethling and attack York killing 3000 Norman’s
Danes retreat to the Lincolnshire coast and new rebellions begin in Devon Shrewsbury and Chester
Who supported the anglo danish attack on York
King sweyn of Denmark
Edgar
Events of hereward the wake and rebellion at Ely 1069-70
Hereward had been exiled but returned to England in 1069 starting a rebellion because he lost his lands to a Norman lord
1070 the Dane’s joined hereward for a raid on Peterborough abbey
The Dane’s took all of the treasure and sailed back to Denmark
Morcar and his men came to Ely and joined hereward
They defended Ely but the Norman’s defeated them
What was the outcome of herewards rebellion
Defeated by the Norman’s
Morcar was captured however hereward escaped but was never heard of again
Revenge reasons for the harrying of the north
William wanted revenge for the Norman’s killed and the castles destroyed by the people in the north
Thousands of Norman’s has been killed at York including a key Norman earl cumin the new earl of Northumbria
Fear reasons for the harrying of the north
William feared further rebellions in the north as the vikings were willing to support the Norman rebels
There was a real possibility of a Viking invasion of the country
Prevent uprising reasons for the harrying of the north
-William realised north and south very different (method of appeasement worked in south but north refused to be ruled by William)
-Williams troops too thinly spread so the north was left without control
-northern rebels refused to meet William in an open battle so they were difficult to fully defeat as they only come out in ambush attacks
-he needed to punish the rebels and ensure they didn’t try and rebel again
-at the same time Normandy faced a rebellion from neighbouring Maine
Political ways the harrying affected the north
There were no further anglo Saxon rebellions after 1071
Danish invaders in 1070 went to Ely as there was now no Yorkshire base
Turning point William decided to replace English aristocracy with Norman’s
Economic ways the harrying effected the north
All livestock was killed homes were destroyed people had no shelter
Harrying stretched from Humber river to the tees river as well as Staffordshire and parts of Shropshire
Social reasons the harrying effected the north
All livestock was killed homes destroyed people had no shelter
Seeds destroyed so there was nothing to plant for food the next year
100000 people died from starvation
Refugees from north went west
Reports of families selling themselves into slavery as well as reports of cannibalism
Yorkshire had still not recovered 20 years later
60% was listed waste land in the doomsday book and there was around 150000 fewer people in 1066
