Reasons for British expansion in Africa Flashcards

1
Q

When did Britain abolish the slave trade?

A

1807

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When was the economic slump of 1873 to ???

A

1896

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When was the economic slump of ??? to 1896

A

1873

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reasons (5)

A

Trade and The Economy (6)
Personal Influence (3)
Strategic Factors (3)
Moral Factors (3)
Adventure and Exploration (2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Trade and The Economy (5)

A
  1. Abstract British Expansion in Africa (3)
  2. Specific British Expansion in Africa (2)
  3. The Cycle of Dependence (3)
  4. This was especially the case during the economic slump of 1873 to 1896. (1)
  5. Specifics of interest in East Africa (5)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Trade and The Economy (5)
1. Abstract British Expansion in Africa (3)

A

a. British expansion in Africa in the second half of the 19th century was driven by trade, particularly: (2)
b. Once what had been accessed could investment opportunities and strategic interests emerge? (3)
c. These were important in late-19th century imperialism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
2. Abstract British Expansion in Africa (3)
a. British expansion in Africa in the second half of the 19th century was driven by trade, particularly: (2)

A

i. The prospect of new inland routes.
ii. The discovery of minerals and resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
2. Abstract British Expansion in Africa (3)
b. Once what had been accessed could investment opportunities and strategic interests emerge? (3)

A

i. Materials
ii. Markets
iii. Routes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Trade and The Economy (5)
2. Specific British Expansion in Africa (2)

A

a. In the second half of the 19th century what materials were sought as to feed the demands of the British industry? (3)
b. As industrial productivity in Britain grew so did the need for sales markets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Trade and The Economy (5)
2. Specific British Expansion in Africa (2)
a. In the second half of the 19th century what materials were sought as to feed the demands of the British industry? (3)

A

i. Iron
ii. Timber
iii. Coal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
4. The Cycle of Dependence (3)

A

a. Britain Seeks Resources…
b. So that they can manufacture goods… (2)
c. Which they then sell back to Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
4. The Cycle of Dependence (3)
b. So that they can manufacture goods… (2)

A

i. Such as Textiles.
ii. Or Weapons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
5. This was especially the case during the economic slump of 1873 to 1896. (1)

A

a. When Europe was experiencing the Great Depression.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
6. Specifics of interest in East Africa (5)

A

a. Many minerals believed to exist within the coast and lakes.
b. Area seemed to have had a great capacity for the production of tropical things that were good for trade. Eg. (2)
c. “healthier” climate than that of the West Coast.
d. Harbours and mountains would allow for an easy access to a great climate once roads are built.
e. Natives. (4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
6. Specifics of interest in East Africa (5)
b. Area seemed to have had a great capacity for the production of tropical things that were good for trade. Eg. (2)

A

i. Cattle
ii. Cereals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Trade and The Economy (6)
6. Specifics of interest in East Africa (5)
e. Natives. (4)

A

i. More industrious than west coast tribes.
ii. Would probably welcome the establishment of a strong government for:
iii. Enforcing an order.
iv. Preventing raids from other tribes.

17
Q

Personal Influence (3)

A
  1. Increasing trade led to a growth in the personal influence of British merchants in Africa.
  2. Merchant imperialists capitalised on new commodities and in the process found fame and fortune. (2)
  3. Explorers also increased British Public and Political interest in Africa through their work of: (4)
18
Q

Personal Influence (3)
2. Merchant imperialists capitalised on new commodities and in the process found fame and fortune. (2)

A

a. George Goldie
b. Cecil Rhodes

19
Q

Personal Influence (3)
3. Explorers also increased British Public and Political interest in Africa through their work of: (4)

A

a. Finding and mapping the waterways
b. Publishing findings
c. Producing maps
d. Spreading their tales of discovery and adventure.

20
Q

Strategic Factors (3)

A
  1. It is sometimes difficult to disentangle the commercial and strategic factors that led to colonisation. (1)
  2. However, sometimes strategic interests predominated such as…
  3. The establishment of a colony at the most southerly tip of Africa - the Cape. (3)
    b. During the Napoleonic Wars, Cape Colony had been seized by Britain from the Dutch allies of the French.
    c. Cape Colony protected the sea route to: (4)
    d. … thus, giving Britain considerable power over the sea routes to the East.
21
Q

Strategic Factors (3)
1. It is sometimes difficult to disentangle the commercial and strategic factors that led to colonisation. (1)

A

a. Britain’s areas of coastal interest in West Africa demanded protection. (2)

22
Q

Strategic Factors (3)
1. It is sometimes difficult to disentangle the commercial and strategic factors that led to colonisation. (1)
a. Britain’s areas of coastal interest in West Africa demanded protection. (2)

A

i. So, a string of forts were built along the Gold Coast.
ii. Also, coastal defences in Sierra Leone and Gambia.

23
Q

Strategic Factors (3)
3. The establishment of a colony at the most southerly tip of Africa - the Cape. (3)

A

a. The temperate climate and deep-water port of the Cape held advantages over other harbours.
b. During the Napoleonic Wars, Cape Colony had been seized by Britain from the Dutch allies of the French.
c. Cape Colony protected the sea route to: (4)
d. … thus, giving Britain considerable power over the sea routes to the East.

24
Q

Strategic Factors (3)
3. The establishment of a colony at the most southerly tip of Africa - the Cape. (3)
c. Cape Colony protected the sea route to: (4)

A

i. The Middle East
ii. China
iii. Australia
iv. India

25
Q

Moral Factors (3)

A
  1. Increasingly from the 1860s, Christian missionaries saw it as their duty to spread their faith among non-Christian (“heathen”) people.
  2. The Empire is a force of Civilisation, and we can improve things- yup! (2)
  3. The stories of missionaries and some explorers. (6)
26
Q

Moral Factors (3)
2. The Empire is a force of Civilisation, and we can improve things- yup! (2)

A

a. Trade can help by allowing them to appreciate these excellent values as well as providing them the commodities and societal forces that allow for them to behave in a more civilised manner.
b. Races could be raised to the standards of education and conduct which would place them alongside Europeans.

27
Q

Moral Factors (3)
3. The stories of missionaries and some explorers. (6)

A

a. Subscribers to missionaries were encouraged to donate by pamphlets which outlined the depravity of the heathen. examples to get vibes below:
Idolatry.
Tribal warfare
Cannibalism
Domestic slavery
Sexual promiscuity.

28
Q

When did Europeans chart the course of the Congo river?

A

1867

29
Q

Adventure and Exploration (2)

A
  1. By 1857, most of Africa had been mapped. (1)
  2. It was the explorers who located vast reserves of raw materials which European merchants sought to exploit and trade. (3)
30
Q

Adventure and Exploration (2)
1. By 1857, most of Africa had been mapped. (1)

A

a. The course of the Congo River was not charted by Europeans until 1867.

31
Q

Adventure and Exploration (2)
2. It was the explorers who located vast reserves of raw materials which European merchants sought to exploit and trade. (3)

A

a. Gold
b. Palm oil
c. Diamonds