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CAB- History Empire Development of Imperialism > India's Administration (and nought more) > Flashcards

India's Administration (and nought more) Flashcards

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1
Q

In the British political system, where would a secretary of state be?

A

In the Cabinet

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2
Q

Who received the powers and duties formerly exercised by the East India Company directors.

A

The secretary of state

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3
Q

How many members were there of the India Council?

A

15

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4
Q

Who was appointed to assist the Secretary of State for India and act as an advisory body in India affairs

A

The India Council

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5
Q

Who appoints the Viceroy?

A

The Crown

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6
Q

How many members were there in the Viceroy’s legislative Council?

A

5

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7
Q

What’s another way of saying Chief Commissioners?

A

Provincial Governers

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8
Q

Vaguely speaking what did the Provincial Governors do?

A

They oversaw specific regions of India

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9
Q

How many British civil servants were employed in the Indian Civil Service?

A

Around 1000

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10
Q

How many Independant Princely States where there?

A

565

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11
Q

When was the Indian National Congress formed?

A

1885

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12
Q

Impact of Mutiny on India’s administration (2)

A
  1. After the Mutiny had been quelled, a change of rule was necessary to prevent any recurrence.
  2. Thus, in 1858, the East India Company handed the running and control of India over to the British government and the Company was entirely dissolved.
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13
Q

The Government of India Act, 1858 (5)

A
  1. The East India Company’s territories in India were passed to the Queen and the Company ceased to exist.
  2. The position of Secretary of State for India (a Cabinet post) was created. This Secretary of State received the powers and duties formerly exercised by the East India Company directors.
  3. A council of 15 members (the India Council), with experience of Indian affairs, was appointed to assist the Secretary of State for India and act as an advisory body in India affairs.
  4. The Crown appointed a Viceroy to replace the Company’s Governor-General.
  5. The Indian Civil Service was placed under the control of the Secretary of State.
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14
Q

Administration (5)

A
  1. Administration of India (3)
  2. Basic Administrative Functions that are completed by someone or other. (3)
  3. Legal System (2)
  4. Education and Public Works (2)
  5. Indian National Congress (4)
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15
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)

A

a. Viceroy ruled with a Legislative Council of 5 who held responsibility for: (5)
b. Provincial governors (chief commissioners) (3)
c. District officers (1)
d. Indian Civil Service (6)
e. Princely States (5)

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16
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
a. Viceroy ruled with a Legislative Council of 5 who held responsibility for: (5)

A

i. Finance
ii. Law
iii. The army
iv. Economy
v. Home affairs

17
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
b. Provincial governors (chief commissioners) (3)

A

i. Oversaw specific regions of India.
ii. Were responsible for managing their own legislative councils.
iii. These councils were made up of both British and Indian officials, though the British officials typically held more power and influence.

18
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
c. District officers (1)

A

i. District officers were responsible for overseeing various aspects of local governance such as: (2)

19
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
c. District officers (1)
i. District officers were responsible for overseeing various aspects of local governance such as: (2)

A
  1. The functioning of local councils.
  2. Reporting on practical issues affecting their districts.
20
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
d. Indian Civil Service (6)

A

i. Unique system within the Empire.
ii. The Raj required a vast staff and so it was run by around 1000 British Civil Servants who were employed within the ICS.
iii. Attracted able administrators with good salary and social status.
iv. Candidates competed for posts through academic exams.
v. While it was technically open to all races, senior civil servants were virtually all white males.
vi. Bilingual Indians recruited as low-level clerks. (1)

21
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
d. Indian Civil Service (6)
vi. Bilingual Indians recruited as low-level clerks. (1)

A
  1. These acted as intermediaries between the British elite and the population.
22
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
e. Princely States (5)

A

i. Native rulers who were essential for smooth running of India
ii. 565 nominally independent Princely States
iii. Removal of ‘doctrine of lapse’ helped ensure their loyalty.
iv. Even though they were fully aware of the British Crown’s supreme authority, the princes’ reputation was enhanced by a complex system of position within a hierarchy. (1)

23
Q

Administration (5)
1. Administration of India (3)
e. Princely States (5)

A
  1. If you can’t beat ‘em join ‘em, I’ll look after you if you look after me, etc.
24
Q

Administration (5)
2. Basic Administrative Functions that are completed by someone or other. (3)

A

a. Collection of taxes
b. Maintenance of law and order
c. Running of courts

25
Q

Administration (5)
3. Legal System (2)

A

a. Legal system developed. (2)
b. Greater respect shown for traditional Indian practices and customs particularly in relation to: (2)

26
Q

Administration (5)
3. Legal System (2)
a. Legal system developed. (2)

A

i. Old East India Company courts merged with Crown Courts.
ii. English law prevailed.

27
Q

Administration (5)
3. Legal System (2)
b. Greater respect shown for traditional Indian practices and customs particularly in relation to: (2)

A

i. Marriage
ii. Family law

28
Q

Administration (5)
4. Education and Public Works (2)

A

a. Government accepted responsibility for promoting education.
b. Development of public works schemes and transport. (1)

29
Q

Administration (5)
4. Education and Public Works (2)
b. Development of public works schemes and transport. (1)

A

i. Particularly the building of a great railway network.

30
Q

Administration (5)
5. Indian National Congress (4)

A

a. Notable as for most Indians there didn’t seem to be much difference from company rule. (3)
b. Formed in 1885
c. The INC’s initial goals were not about challenging British rule but focused on achieving greater representation for Indians within the colonial administration.
d. Over time demand by the members for a greater role for Indians in government increased.

31
Q

Administration (5)
5. Indian National Congress (4)
a. Notable as for most Indians there didn’t seem to be much difference from company rule. (3)

A

i. Either, Englishmen still ran the place.
ii. Or local princes exercised power on behalf of the Raj.
iii. Many of the Brits were the same ones from company rule.

CAB- History Empire Development of Imperialism (11 decks)

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