Readings & Videos

Question 1

Who is Dr. Terry Fry?

Answer 1

an oncologist and researcher, leading 250+ first in human trials

Question 2

Bo in first in human had what disease?

Answer 2

leukemia

Question 3

Anita in first in human had what disease?

Answer 3

skin cancer

Question 4

Deidra in first in human had what disease?

Answer 4

sickle cell disease

Question 5

What 4 big things have building 10 accomplished

Answer 5

1. first successful chemotherapy
2. the use of lithium for depression
3. discovery of AZT for HIV
4. first gene therapy

Question 6

Lucy in first in human had what disease?

Answer 6

JOBs syndrome

Question 7

Sickle cell disease

Answer 7

cause malformation in red blood cell

Question 8

JOBs syndrome

Answer 8

causes weak immune system

Question 9

What was used to treat Bo?

Answer 9

CAR-T cells

Question 10

What was used to treat Anita?

Answer 10

immunotherapy treatment

Question 11

What was used to treat Lucy?

Answer 11

bone marrow transplant

Question 12

What was used to treat deidra?

Answer 12

bone marrow transplant

Question 13

Gorlin Syndrome

Answer 13

caused lambs to have 1 eye (caused from eating cow cabbage that caused lambs to be unable to have 2 brain lobes)- causes cancer in humans

Question 14

Compound isolated from cow cabbage

Answer 14

cyclopamine

Question 15

How Gleevec Works

Answer 15

Gleevec has a specific shape which blocks the active site of the abnormal protein & prevents the trigger protein from causing the release the white blood cells and alleviates the symptoms of the disease.

Question 16

In a study reported in the journal Cell Stem Cell in 2019…

Answer 16

researchers grew small clusters of neural tissue, like neurons and glial cells, in culture.
*And the neurons connected and started firing, and syncing up with their neighbouts

Question 17

brainwaves are made of…

Answer 17

delta waves from neuron firing/ activity

Question 18

Alpha waves appear

Answer 18

when a person is more relaxed

Question 19

Beta waves appear

Answer 19

when you’re thinking hard about something.

Question 20

Theta waves appear

Answer 20

when you’re falling asleep

Question 21

Delta waves appear

Answer 21

when your in a deep sleep

Question 22

Oragnoid

Answer 22

a self-organized 3D tissue that is typically derived from stem cells (pluripotent, fetal or adult), and which mimics the key functional, structural and biological complexity of an organ

Question 23

What population has almost no genomic research

Answer 23

Indigenous populations in Canada

Question 24

What part of the eye is a good target for gene therapy

Answer 24

retina

Question 25

viruses have evolved to move ______ across cell membranes

Answer 25

DNA/RNA

Question 26

What is Leber Amaurosis

Answer 26

A genetic disease that causes photoreceptors to die

Question 27

What gene causes Leber Amaurosis

Answer 27

RPE 65

Question 28

What are antibodies shaped as

Answer 28

Y

Question 29

What is C.T.L

Answer 29

a type of white blood cells that can detect infected or mutated cells

Question 30

What turns off C.T.L

Answer 30

PD-1 & PD-L1(in cancer)

Question 31

What do monoclonal antibodies bind to?

Answer 31

PD-1 & PD-L1

Question 32

ALS (Full name)

Answer 32

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 33

what does ALS cause?

Answer 33

deterioration of both upper and lower motor neurons

Question 34

What does ALS cause to proteins in cytoplasm

Answer 34

misfolded proteins

Question 35

ALS affects ______ repair process

Answer 35

DNA

Question 36

ALS causes problems transporting ______, ______ and _______

Answer 36

RNA Proteins Vesicles

Question 37

Preferred preclinical mouse model used to test anxiety

Answer 37

elevated plus

Question 38

What are the tiny 'heart-like' structures made out of?

Answer 38

stem cells

Question 39

Which company created the first "Heart-in-a-jar"

Answer 39

Novoheart Ltd.

Question 40

When did the Black Death kill 75-200 million people in europe and asia

Answer 40

1340s

Question 41

When did the flu pandemic kill 50 to 100 million people

Answer 41

1918

Question 42

what happened to King Charles II when he had a seizure?

Answer 42

- 1.5 pints of blood was removed - he was given 3 purgatives - he was given an enema - 40 drops of human skull extract were given to stop convulsions - 'bezoar' stone was forced down his throat

Question 43

What happened to President George Washington when he got a chill?

Answer 43

- 5 pints of blood were drawn (total) - 2 doses of mercury -a cathartic injection was forced up his rectum - blisters were given to him

Question 44

whose teachings paralysed medicine for over 1500 years?

Answer 44

Galen

Question 45

Who began the Beginning of Enlightenment

Answer 45

Theophrastus Philipus Aureolus Bombast von Hohenheim (aka Paracelsus)

Question 46

Unlike the Black Death 150 years before, ________ gave both the physician and the sufferer plenty of time to experiment with different cures.

Answer 46

syphilis

Question 47

3 extracts from plants

Answer 47

Opium Quinine Digitalis

Question 48

What is quinine

Answer 48

a effective for the treatment of malaria

Question 49

What is digitalis

Answer 49

now rarely used as a first-line agent for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation due to narrow therapeutic window (extracted from foxglove)

Question 50

Solvent extraction first documented in ________ with the extraction of beetroot with brandy, which yielded sweet-tasting crystals (sugar)

Answer 50

1747

Question 51

1806: _______ isolated in pure form by Sertürner: “the first true drug”

Answer 51

morphine

Question 52

What is arsenic

Answer 52

causes poisoning, cancer and overall cell death

Question 53

What is penicillin?

Answer 53

a group of antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections

Question 54

How was penicillin discovered?

Answer 54

In 1928 Dr Alexander Fleming returned from a holiday to find mould growing on a Petri dish of Staphylococcus bacteria