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PCL 102 > Readings & Videos > Flashcards

Readings & Videos Flashcards

1
Q

Who is Dr. Terry Fry?

A

an oncologist and researcher, leading 250+ first in human trials

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2
Q

Bo in first in human had what disease?

A

leukemia

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3
Q

Anita in first in human had what disease?

A

skin cancer

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4
Q

Deidra in first in human had what disease?

A

sickle cell disease

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5
Q

What 4 big things have building 10 accomplished

A
  1. first successful chemotherapy
  2. the use of lithium for depression
  3. discovery of AZT for HIV
  4. first gene therapy
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6
Q

Lucy in first in human had what disease?

A

JOBs syndrome

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7
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

cause malformation in red blood cell

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8
Q

JOBs syndrome

A

causes weak immune system

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9
Q

What was used to treat Bo?

A

CAR-T cells

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10
Q

What was used to treat Anita?

A

immunotherapy treatment

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11
Q

What was used to treat Lucy?

A

bone marrow transplant

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12
Q

What was used to treat deidra?

A

bone marrow transplant

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13
Q

Gorlin Syndrome

A

caused lambs to have 1 eye (caused from eating cow cabbage that caused lambs to be unable to have 2 brain lobes)- causes cancer in humans

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14
Q

Compound isolated from cow cabbage

A

cyclopamine

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15
Q

How Gleevec Works

A

Gleevec has a specific shape which blocks the active site of the abnormal protein & prevents the trigger protein from causing the release the white blood cells and alleviates the symptoms of the disease.

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16
Q

In a study reported in the journal Cell Stem Cell in 2019…

A

researchers grew small clusters of neural tissue, like neurons and glial cells, in culture.
*And the neurons connected and started firing, and syncing up with their neighbouts

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17
Q

brainwaves are made of…

A

delta waves from neuron firing/ activity

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18
Q

Alpha waves appear

A

when a person is more relaxed

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19
Q

Beta waves appear

A

when you’re thinking hard about something.

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20
Q

Theta waves appear

A

when you’re falling asleep

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21
Q

Delta waves appear

A

when your in a deep sleep

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22
Q

Oragnoid

A

a self-organized 3D tissue that is typically derived from stem cells (pluripotent, fetal or adult), and which mimics the key functional, structural and biological complexity of an organ

23
Q

What population has almost no genomic research

A

Indigenous populations in Canada

24
Q

What part of the eye is a good target for gene therapy

A

retina

25
Q

viruses have evolved to move ______ across cell membranes

A

DNA/RNA

26
Q

What is Leber Amaurosis

A

A genetic disease that causes photoreceptors to die

27
Q

What gene causes Leber Amaurosis

A

RPE 65

28
Q

What are antibodies shaped as

A

Y

29
Q

What is C.T.L

A

a type of white blood cells that can detect infected or mutated cells

30
Q

What turns off C.T.L

A

PD-1 & PD-L1(in cancer)

31
Q

What do monoclonal antibodies bind to?

A

PD-1 & PD-L1

32
Q

ALS (Full name)

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

33
Q

what does ALS cause?

A

deterioration of both upper and lower motor neurons

34
Q

What does ALS cause to proteins in cytoplasm

A

misfolded proteins

35
Q

ALS affects ______ repair process

A

DNA

36
Q

ALS causes problems transporting ______, ______ and _______

A

RNA
Proteins
Vesicles

37
Q

Preferred preclinical mouse model used to test anxiety

A

elevated plus

38
Q

What are the tiny ‘heart-like’ structures made out of?

A

stem cells

39
Q

Which company created the first “Heart-in-a-jar”

A

Novoheart Ltd.

40
Q

When did the Black Death kill 75-200 million people in europe and asia

A

1340s

41
Q

When did the flu pandemic kill 50 to 100 million people

A

1918

42
Q

what happened to King Charles II when he had a seizure?

A
  • 1.5 pints of blood was removed
  • he was given 3 purgatives
  • he was given an enema
  • 40 drops of human skull extract were given to stop convulsions
  • ‘bezoar’ stone was forced down his throat
43
Q

What happened to President George Washington when he got a chill?

A
  • 5 pints of blood were drawn (total)
  • 2 doses of mercury
    -a cathartic injection was forced up his rectum
  • blisters were given to him
44
Q

whose teachings paralysed medicine for over 1500 years?

A

Galen

45
Q

Who began the Beginning of Enlightenment

A

Theophrastus Philipus Aureolus
Bombast von Hohenheim (aka Paracelsus)

46
Q

Unlike the Black Death 150 years before, ________ gave both the physician and the
sufferer plenty of time to experiment with different cures.

A

syphilis

47
Q

3 extracts from plants

A

Opium
Quinine
Digitalis

48
Q

What is quinine

A

a effective for the treatment of malaria

49
Q

What is digitalis

A

now rarely used as a first-line agent for the treatment of heart failure and
atrial fibrillation due to narrow therapeutic window (extracted from foxglove)

50
Q

Solvent extraction first documented in ________ with the extraction of beetroot with brandy, which
yielded sweet-tasting crystals (sugar)

A

1747

51
Q

1806: _______ isolated in pure form by Sertürner: “the first true drug”

A

morphine

52
Q

What is arsenic

A

causes poisoning, cancer and overall cell death

53
Q

What is penicillin?

A

a group of antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections

54
Q

How was penicillin discovered?

A

In 1928 Dr Alexander Fleming returned from a holiday to find mould growing on a Petri dish of Staphylococcus bacteria

PCL 102 (18 decks)

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