14. Neglected Diseases Flashcards
Neglected Diseases affect…
populations in mainly low-income countries
The “big three” infectious diseases
Tuberculosis, Malaria and HIV/AIDS
Neglected disease: protozoa
Chagas disease, African sleeping sickness, Leishmaniasis
Neglected disease: bacterial
Leprosy, Trachoma
Neglected disease: Helminth (worm)
Onchocerciasis (river blindness), Ascariasis (roundworm), Hookworm, Trichiuris (whipworm)
Neglected disease: viral
Dengue, Rabies
Diseases that have become less prevalent
- Rabies
- Elephantiasis
Diseases that have become more prevalent
- Dengue (Viral Hemorrhagic Fever)
- Chagas disease
The three “A’s
Available, Affordable and Accessible
5 strategies to address NTDs (neglected tropical diseases)
- Preventive Medications
- Intensified Disease Management
- Vector Control- such as?
- Veterinary Public Health Measures (for Zoonotic Neglected Diseases)
- Clean Water & Sanitation (e.g. WHO WASH program)
DALY = Disability Adjusted-Life-Year
Combines years of life lost due to premature mortality and years of life lost due to time lived while ill
Access to Medicine Index
Covers access, public policy, research and development, costs, patents, distribution, and philanthropy
NTD (neglected tropical diseases) Partnerships
Initiates and coordinates R&D projects in collaboration with academia, public sector, & the pharmaceutical industry
SAFE strategy in priority areas
Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental changes
“Pediatric Exclusivity Provision”
FDA initiative to incentivize companies to conduct pharmacokinetic or small clinical trials in children
