READINGS & BLUE BOXES - B. Wright

Question 1

rhizotomy

Answer 1

cutting at spinal root level (ventral, motor) to relieve spastic paralysis

Question 2

pins and needles sensation due to

Answer 2

presure on nerve- paresthesia

Question 3

gait of paralyzed quads

Answer 3

can’t extend leg against resistance, usually precess on distal end of thigh during walking to prevent inadvertent flexion of knee joint

Question 4

cause of chondromalacia patellae

Answer 4

runner’s knee - overstressing of knee region/ blow to patella/ extreme flexion of knee -soreness and aching around or deep to patella

Question 5

rider’s strain from ?

Answer 5

muscle strains of ADDUCTOR LONGUS

Question 6

varicose veins in lower limb - localized dilation of terminal part of great saphenous vein

Answer 6

saphenous varix

Question 7

femoral hernia

Answer 7

protrusion of abdominal viscera through femoral ring into femoral canal

Question 8

contents of adductor canal

Answer 8

saphenous nerve femoral artery femoral vein

Question 9

s/s of injury to superior gluteal nerve

Answer 9

+ trendelberg sign (the site opposite to paralysis of glutes medius dips) gluteus medius limp gluteal gait - compensatory list of body to weakened gluteal side steppage gait/ swing-out gait (same ones for fibular n. footdrop)

Question 10

what is the side of danger of hip for stab wounds

Answer 10

medial side - sciatic supplying thigh extensor, leg flexors

Question 11

thrills palpated, bruits heard pain in medial aspect of calf, ankle or foot

Answer 11

popliteal aneurysm

Question 12

posterior dislocation of knee joint will sever which nerve?

Answer 12

tibial nerve

Question 13

paralysis of flexor muscle sin leg and intrinsic muscles in sole of foot unable to plantarflex their ankle or flex their toes loss of sensation on sole of foot

Answer 13

tibila nerve severed

Question 14

area and pain in area of distal two thirds of tibia?

Answer 14

shin splints - tibialis anterior overexertion/ trauma

Question 15

unique features of human foot in fibular muscles

Answer 15

human feet more pronated migration of distal attachment of fibularis longus across sole of foot development of fibularis tertius attached to base of 5th metatarsal

Question 16

gaits due to fibular nerve injury, too long leg

Answer 16

waddling gait swing-out gait steppage gait

Question 17

flaccid paralysis of all muscles in anterior and lateral compartments of leg (dorsiflexors of ankle and evertors of foot); maybe loss of sensation in these areas as well footdrop produces “clop” sound, no heelstrike due to?

Answer 17

common fibular nerve injury

Question 18

audible snap sound - immediate calf pain and sudden dorsiflexion of plantarflexed foot - cannot plantarflex against resistance, have high passive dorsiflexion

Answer 18

ruptured calcaneal tendon

Question 19

nerves tested by calcneal tendon reflex

Answer 19

S1 & S2

Question 20

posterior tibial pulse used to check for

Answer 20

occlusive peripheral arterial disease

Question 21

which neurovasculature bisects the popliteal fossa (superficial to deep?)

Answer 21

tibial nerve popliteal vein popliteal artery

Question 22

nerves tested by plantar reflex

Answer 22

L4-L5,S1,S2

Question 23

Babibski sign

Answer 23

abnormal response to plantar reflex stimulaiton - fanning of four toes and dorsiflexion of great toe

Question 24

the five P signs of acure arterial occlusion

Answer 24

pain pallor apresthesia Paralysis pulseness

Question 25

innervation of foot

Answer 25

dorsum cutaneous mostly from superficial fibular deep fibular supplis skin of web betweenand adjacent sides of 1st and 2nd medial side - saphenous n. lateral side - sural n. medial plantar nerve. - plantar aspect of medial three and half toes and adjacent sole and medial hallux and 1st lumbrical muscles only lateral plantar nerve - rest

Question 26

vascularization of foot

Answer 26

anterior tibial artery ==> dorsal artery ==> arcuate artery posterior tibial artery ==> plantar artery ==>smaller medial and larger lateral plantar arteries