Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > AMA REVIEW > Flashcards

AMA REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

common fibula n. clinical relevance

A
  • paralysis of all anterior and lateral leg muscles
  • loss of sensation along the anterolateral leg and dorsum of the foot
  • loss of dorsiflexion and eversion
  • loss of “heel strike”
  • high stepping/ waddling/ swing-out gait
  • watch for “clop”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sural cutaneous n. supplies

A

distal posterior leg & lateral aspect of ankle & foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatment for Compartment syndrome

A

trauma ==> hemorrhage, edema & inflammation ==> increased intra-compartmental pressure => ischemia/ permanent injury
TREAT using fasciotomy (incising fascia) to relieve pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

muscles in each compartment of leg?

A 
anterior - 
tibialis anterior m. 
EHL m.
EDL m.
Fibularis Tertius M. 
LATERAL - 
fibularis longus m.
fibularis brevis m.
POSTERIOR - 
Triceps Surae: Gastroc M. + Soleus M.
Plantaris M.
DEEP POSTERIOR- Tom Dick Harry and Popliteus
Tibialis Posterior
FDL
FHL
Popliteus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

innervation of each compartment of leg

A

Pos. - Tibial N.
Ant - Deep Fibular N.
Lat. - Superficial Fibular N.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vascularization of each leg compartmnet

A

Post - Pos. Tibial A. & Fibular A.
Ant - Anterior Fibular A.
Lateral - Branches from Fibular A. (ONLY ONE WITHOUT DISTINCT ARTERIAL BRANCH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

repetitive microtrauma to the tibialis anterior m. causes

A

shin splints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fx of articularis genu

A

pulls suprapatellar bursa superiorly during knee extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fx of posterior compt. muscles

A

gastroc - knee AND plantar flexion
soleus - ONLY plantar flexion
plantaris - propriceptive input for foot position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

commonly injured in bball players, sprinters and ballet dancers
AND used in reconstructive surgery of hand tendons

A

Plantaris m. tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fx. of tibialis posterior m.

A

INVERSION and plantar flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

popliteus fx.

A

unlocks EXTENDED leg by LATERALLY rotating FEMUR on a stationary tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

posterior tibial pulse clinical relevance

A

taken between pos. surface of medial malleolus and medial border of calcaneal tendon
important to have patient INVERT foot to relax FLEXOR retinaculum
examines patients with Occlusive Peripheral Artery Disease - (s/s pain/ leg cramps during walking, gets better with rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pain most severe after getting out of bed/ sitting

A

running/ high impact exercise, shoes, overweight leading to bony processes/ heel spurs ===> plantar fascitis ==> inflammation of plantar aponeurosis at attachment with calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

flexion at DIP joint called

A

Mallet toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

extension at MP joint and Flexion at PIP joint

A

usually 2nd toe = hammer toe

at large toe = trigger toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

flexion of DIPs and PIPs

hyperextension of MP joints

A

Claw toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

innervation of all intrinsic muscles of plantar foot and plantar skin

A

medial plantar n.
lateral plantar n.
(divisions of tibial n.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

these 4 innervated by medial plantar n.

A

ABductor Hallucis M.
FDB m.
FHB m.
Medial ONE lumbrical of FDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

these 6 innervated by lateral plantar n.

A 
ABductor digiti minime M.
quadratus plantae
lateral three lumbricals of FDL
ADductor Hallucis
Flexor digiti minime M.
Plantar Interosseus Ms. (PADs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

loss of transverse arch in foot

A

pes transversoplanus

22
Q

loss of longitudinal arch in foot and WHY

A 
pes planus (flat feet) 
spring ligament lax, no longer supports talar head ==> plantar ligaments and plantar aponeurosis becomes abnormally stretched
23
Q

knee striking dashboard with thigh ABDUCTED
falls
blow to the back while squatted leads to

A

anterior hip dislocation

24
Q

hit when thigh is adducted, medially rotated, and flexed

A

posterior hip dislocation

can cause damage to sciatic n. leading to hamstring paralysis and distal leg muscles

25
Q

Purpose of and Tests for ACL

A 
prevents anterior displacement of tibia and posterior displacement of femur
TESTS - 
Anterior Drawer Test
Lachman's Test
Pivot Shift Test
26
Q

purpose of and tests for PCL

A

prevents anterior displacement of femur and posterior displacement of tibia
TESTS -
Quads Active Test

27
Q

unhappy triad ligaments

A

ACL
MCL
Medial Meniscus

28
Q

high ankle sprain name and what it involves

A

tibiofibular syndesmosis

anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

29
Q

ligament most commonly associated with ankle sprains

A

anterior talofibular ligament

30
Q

list deep back muscles - superficial and deep

A 
deep - Erector Spinae - I LOVE SPAGHETTI
- Iliocostalis
- Longissimus 
- Spinalis muscles 
superficial - transversospinalis - Some More Ragu
- Semispinalis
- Multifidus 
- Rotatores

(just imagine pasta all over your back, spaghetti is all over your back coz you messed up)

31
Q 
Suboccipitial region/ triangle 
Bones
Muscles
Contents
Innervation
clinical correlation
A

Bones - Atlas & Axis
Muscles - Rectus Capitis, Posterior Major & Minor, Obliquus capitis Superior & Inferior
Contents - suboccipital n. & vertebral artery
Innervation - suboccipital n.
correlation - occipital neuralgia - radiating neckpain over C2 dermatome

32
Q

HOX5 responsible for

A

cervical

33
Q

HOX6& 9 responsible for these parts of the vertebral column

A

thoracic

34
Q

HOX 10 responsible for

A

lumbar
sacral
coccygeal

35
Q

fusion of lower limbsc alled

A

sirenomelia

36
Q

what controls length of actin in myofilament organization?

A

nebulin

think NEBULOUS - the beginning bits - important for rest of the formation

37
Q

muscle length and force changes in isometric contraction?

A

muscle length same (what else would ISO mean?)

force incresaes

38
Q

anterior/ventral displacement of vertebra onto an adjacent vertebra known as

A

sponylolisthesis

39
Q

this troponin complex binds actin and inhibits myosin binding

A

troponin I

40
Q

normal function of E-cadherin and what downregulates it?

A

binds EPIBLAST cells together

downregulated by FGF8

41
Q

mos tlikely finding from hematoma deep to crural fascia in anterior compartment of leg

A

foot drop

42
Q

glenohumeral most likely dissociates in which direction?

A

anterior and inferior

43
Q

hernia in inguinal area
lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
what is it?

A

remains of process vaginalis

44
Q

leg struck on lateral side just below knee
cant evert foot, says its numb to the touch
which n. damaged?

A

common fibular nerve

45
Q

hallmarks of sponylitis

A

uveitis

46
Q

6 year with process vaginalis of parietal peitoneum hernia, what type is it?

A

indirect inguinal hernia

47
Q

damage to ionguinal nerve s/s

A

numbness of scrotum and inner side of thigh

48
Q

ligament torn when hyperextending knee, skiing

A

ACL

49
Q

artery supplying femoral head

A

obturator a.

50
Q

twisting injuring of knee when tackled from lateral side leads to

A

tear of medial meniscus

ANATOMY (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions