Reading and Writing Flashcards
to weave
texere
Considered as written material, especially longer pieces of writing in a book, a letter, or newspaper
Text
conversation speech
discursus
Continuous stretch of especially spoken language larger than a sentence
Discourse
is the physical manifestation of discourse, which is a process of interaction and interpretation of language in context
Text
Ties and connections which exist within texts that link different parts of sentences or larger units of discourse
Again, equally, in fact, also, furthermore, moreover, and, in addition
Cohesion
Refers to the linking of ideas in a logical sequence or order
Coherence
Ideas of the same nature must be expressed in the same grammatical structures
Parallelism
process in which the writer collaborates with other to explore topics, develops ideas, and/or proposes solutions to a problem
Brainstorming
write any ideas, suggestions, and thoughts related to the given topic
Brainstorming list
participants provide their ideas anonymously
Nominal group technique
participants write down an idea and pass it to the other member of the group
Group passing technique
brainstorming through the use of an electronic medium
Electronic brainstorming
produce questions rather than just ideas
Question brainstorming
diagram for representing tasks, words, concepts, or items
Mind mapping
use of visual representations, icons, and symbols
Graphic organizers
hierarchical set of information
Network tree
identify a problem, cause and effect, and its solution
Problem and solution map
comparing and contrasting two different concepts
Venn diagram
organizing information according to various steps or stages
Series of events chain
repeating cycle; no beginning and no end
Cycle map
identify the causes or composition of complex system or event
Fishbone map
map of your essay
Outline
lists words or phrases; provides a quick overview of topics to be included in an essay
Topic outline
fully written out; specific and complete idea
Sentence outline
Refers to the particular strategy writers use to develop ideas
Patterns of Development
Used to tell a story and focuses on a set of related events
First, second, third, next, the, finally
Narration
tangible
Concrete terms
intangible
Abstract terms
used to denote groups
General terms
individual component of the group
Specific terms
Gives us details or an explanation of an account of a person, time, event, and the like
Description
appeal to or can relate to the senses
Sensory words
factual and scientific characteristics
Objective
how the author sees a character
Subjective
Unfamiliar terms
Explain a new idea, thought, or concept
Definition
most factual way
Scientific
personal way; author’s own experiences and opinions
Subjective
Methods of definition
Characteristics or features
Function
What it is not
What it is similar to
Example
Origin
Its effect
presents the generate statement and provides specific and concrete examples
Exemplification
is said when the writer needs to sort our or arrange subjects into groups or categories based on their common and shared characteristics
Classification
is a reason for
Cause
is the result
Effect
because, since is due to; effect- consequently, therefore, then
Cause
Used to show similarities and differences
Comparison and contrast
writing back and forth
Point-by-point
discusses one topic and then finishes the paragraph with the other subject
Block paragraph
Presents a problem
Concludes by discussion solution
Problem and solution
To convince our readers that what we are saying is true
Persuasion
Method of persuasion
Facts
Referring to authority
Examples
Predicting the consequences
Answering the opposition
flow of the ideas must be logically and accurately arranged
Organization
general to specific
Deductive
specific to broad ideas
Inductive
occurs when ideas are connect at the conceptual level
coherence
is the connection of ideas at sentence level
cohesion
Ways of ordering ideas to achieve coherence
Spatial order
Time order
Numerical order
Cause/effect order
General/specific order
proper language is one of the clearest indicators and sign of a well-written text
Language use
proper language characteristics
Concrete and specific
Concise, not verbose
Familiar, not obscure
Able to match with the situations presented in the text
deals with the technical aspect of writing; correct spelling, abbreviations, punctuations, capitalizations
Mechanics
Also known as active reading
Interpreting facts along with the author’s attitude using implied meaning to make accurate assumptions and drawing accurate conclusions
Critical Reading
