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chemistry > Reactivity Series Reactions (water/acid/metal oxide/ aqeous metal salts) > Flashcards

Reactivity Series Reactions (water/acid/metal oxide/ aqeous metal salts) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the general word equation of the reaction between a metal and water

A

Metal + water ——) metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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2
Q

Which elements of the reacitivity series react with water

A

The elements above hydrogen

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3
Q

When a metal reacts with steam, what is produced

A

Metal oxide and hydrogen

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4
Q

Do metals that are directly above hydrogen like (zinc or iron) react with water? And if not, how could the reaction be made faster

A

Do not react

Unless water is heated into steam

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5
Q

What is the general word equation for the reaction between a metal and an acid

A

Metal + acid ——-) metal salt + hyrdogen

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6
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid

A

Magnesium + hydrochloric acid ———) Magnesium chloride + hydrogen

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7
Q

What is the word equation for the reaction between zinc and sulfuric acid

A

Zinc + sulfuric acid ——-) zinc sulphate + hydrogen

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8
Q

Write the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between iron and sulfuric acid

A

Fe + H2SO4 ———) FeSO4 + H2

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9
Q

How slow or fast is the reaction of calcium, magnesium and aluminium is with water

A

Very slow

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10
Q

Give an example of two metals that dont react with cold water but will react with steam

A

Zinc and iron

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11
Q

Describe an experiment how you could test how magnesium reacts with water

A

Place magnesium in a test tube with soaked cotton wool with water
Heat it, and mineral wool turns to steam

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12
Q

Name a metal that reacts mildly with cold water but vigorously with steam

A

Magnesium

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13
Q

Why is the reaction of aluminum and water very slow

A

Because aluminum is covered in a layer of aluminum hydroxide

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14
Q

When putting metals in acid, what kind of reaction is this

A

Exothermic reaction

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15
Q

What three metals can you use in the experiment to test the reaction between metals and acid

A

Magnesium, Zinc, iron

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16
Q

Give three observations when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid

A
  • Vigorous fizzing
  • colourless solution
  • very hot test tubw
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17
Q

Give three observations when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid

A
  • Fizzing
  • colourless solution
  • warm test tube
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18
Q

Which metal out of the three metals used in the experiment to test the reactivty of metals in hydrochloric acid gives a solution that is not colourless

A

Iron

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19
Q

Give three observations when iron reacts with hydrochloric acid

A
  • slow fizzing
  • pale green solution
  • slightly warm test tube
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20
Q

How does surface area of a metal in the hydrochloric acid metal reaction affect the speed

A

The smaller the surface area the faster the rate of reaction

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21
Q

How does the speed of the reaction affect the temperature change

A

slower the reaction,
More heat will be given to surroundings because it is longer period of time
So water will be less heated
So less temperatyee change

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22
Q

How can you test for any gases given off

A

Use a lighted splint

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23
Q

What is the general word equation for the reaction between a metal and an acid

A

Metal+ acid——-) metal salt + hydrogen

24
Q

When magnesium reacts with copper sulphate solution, what is the solution and why

A

Magnesium sulphate + copper

Because the magnesium is more reactive so it displaces the copper

25
Q

State the product of magnesium + copper sulphate

And descibre the colour change

A

Magnesium sulphate + copper
Blue solution to colourless
(Copper sulphate colour and then magnesium sulphate)
(Reaction between more reactive metal and less reactive rather than between metal and acid)

26
Q

In the displacement reaction between magnesium + copper sulphate, what happens to the copper at the end of the reaction

A

It is displaced by the magnesium and so coats the magnesium and sinks to the bottom

27
Q

Use the reactivity series to Predict whether manganese( a metal between akuminum and zinc with a pale purple colour) will react with copper sulphate solution and if it will, write the equation and describe what you would see

A

Will react
Manganese + Copper sulphate solution ——-) manganese sulphate + copper
blue solution to very pale purple (almost colourless)

28
Q

What colour is copper sulphate solution

A

Blue

29
Q

Is there any type of magnesium that has atleast a slight reaction with cold water?

A

Pure ribbon of magnesium

30
Q

What is the difference between when iron reacts with acid and when it reacts with cold water

A

Reacts with acid, slow fizzing, green colour, and slightly warm
But does not react with cold water unless in the form of steam

31
Q

Write the balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the reaction between lead and silver nitrate

A

Pb+ 2AgNO3——) Pb(NO3)2 +Ag

32
Q

Oxidizing agent definition:

A

A substance that oxidizes anither substance by taking electrons away from it

33
Q

What is the most common alloy of iron

A

Steel

34
Q

Which two elements does the term rusting only apply to

A

Iron and steel

35
Q

What is the role of salty water in a test tube containing iron that is unsealed

A

Acts as a catalyst to speed the reaction

36
Q

If i boil the water in a test tube containing iron that is sealed with a bung, will rusting take place and why or why not

A

Rusting will not take place

Because there is no oxygen present as the boiled water removes dissolved oxygen

37
Q

Do only iron and steel corrode?

A

No

Other metals corrdoe too

38
Q

Explain why galvanizing is better than a barrier method

A

With galvanizing, the iron does not rust even if the layer of zinc is scrathed away,
because zinc is more reactive than iron so it will react instead of iron
But if the barrier layer is scratched, the iron can still rust

39
Q

What is a barrier method

A

A method that prevents oxygen or water reacting with iron by coating the iron in a different layer

40
Q

Give four examples of substances that can be used for the barrier method

A

Plastic, grease, paint or oil

41
Q

What is galvanization?

A

The process of coating iron or steal with a protective layer of zinc to prevent rusting

42
Q

What is sacrficial protection

A

Process of attaching a more reactive metal to a less reactuve metal to prevent the less reactuve metal from corroding

43
Q

Write the balnced symbol equation with state symbols for the proccess of rusting

A

4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) + XH20(l) ——) 2Fe2O3.XH2O(s)

44
Q

Write the oxidation, reduction and redox reaction for rust

A
45
Q

What is the chemical name for rust

A

Hydrated iron(iii) oxide

46
Q

How can rusting destriy a metal

A

Bceause it can flake off a surface
Which once peeled removes a new fresh layer
Which continuously flakes off

47
Q

In the reaction of the production for hydrated (iii) iron oxide, which element is being oxidized and which element is being reduced and what is the spectator ions

A

Iron is being oxidized
Oxygen is being reduced
H2O is the spectator ion

48
Q

When water reacts with copper sulphate, what is the colour change

A

White —-) blue

49
Q

Copper is added to hydrochloric acid but there is no temperature change. Explain why this is

A

Because copper does not react with hydrochloric acid

50
Q

melting point of calcium=850
MP of calcium fluoride = 1418
Mp of neodymium= 1024
Neodymium fluoride= 1410
If the temperature in a container is 1100
Which two substances are solids at this point?

A

Calcium fluoride

Neodymium fluoride

51
Q

Mixture of aluminium powder and iron (iii) oxide is an exothermic reaction. This reaction can be used where the iron is turned molten and put into moulds for joints.
Why is the iron molten?

A

Because it has reached its melting point

52
Q

When measuring a temperature change, why is it better to keep the number of moles the same rather than the number of grams?

A

Because number of moles =how many particles are present,
so if more particles are present in one substance, more heat would be given off
Making it an unreliable test

53
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between copper and silver nitrate

A

Displacement reaction

54
Q

In an experiment with zinc and hydrochloric acid, explain how increases the mass will affect the experiment and how increasing the temperature will increase the experiment

A

Increasing mass means more volume of hydrogen given off

Increasing temperature means a faster rate of reaction

55
Q

Copper is placed into a test tube with hydrochloric acid but there is not temperature change. Explain why

A

Because copper does not react with hydrochloric acid.

DO NOT SAY BC COPPER IS UNREACTIVE

56
Q

If I use the same mass of magnesium but react with it a larger volume of acid, explain what happens in terms of temperature change

A

Less of a temperature change because larger volume of water for heat to travel through

chemistry (18 decks)

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