atoms/configuration/periodic Flashcards
Explain why isotopes have the same atomic number
-Because they only have different neutrons
-number of protons and electrons are the same
What is an isotope
Atoms of the same element which have same atomic number
But different number of neutrons
What is the relative atomic mass
Weighted average mass of an elements isotopes, in comparison to a carbon atom
What is the formula for calculating Ar
(isotope mass x %)+(isotope mass x %)
What is atomic number
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
In chemical reactions what changes in terms of the structure of an atom
Number of electrons
(atomic number stays the same)
What is electronic configuration
arrangement of electrons in an atom
Describe whether metals or non metals are acidic oxides or basic oxides
Metals are basic oxides
Non metals are acidic oxides
If an element has 1-3 electrons in its outer shell, it a metal or non metal
Metal
Explain why elements in a group have similar properties(2)
Because they have the same number of electrons down their outershells
So will react and bond similarly
Why are noble gases unreactive
Because they have full outer shells
Covalent bonding and metallic binding difference
Metallic is for metals
Covalent is non metals
Metallic binding is when atoms lose electrons
Covalent bonding is when atoms share electrons
If question asks for total number of protons or atomic number and they’ve given you a diagram, how would you calculate
It would be the total number of electrons
Explain why hydrogen has a low boiling point
It has weak forces of attraction between the bonds
So little heat is required to break these bonds
What are the total number of atoms in Be(OH) 2
5
Explain which period an element with configuration 2.8.3 is in and how you got to this conclusion
Period 3
Because ELECTRONS occupy three shells
(Don’t talk about notation)
Relative atomic mass of neon is 20.2. How does this information support the fact that it contains more N20 than N22
Because 20.2 is closer to 20 than 22
(Therfore the N20 isotope is heavier than 22. Remeber to think about it as weighted averages.so the average will always lean to the side that carry’s the most weight)
How many total electrons are in a Mg 2+ ion
10
(First look at periodic table and see atom in number which is 12, therefore it has a total of 12 electrons
Rmeber the smallest shell can only have a maximum of 2 electrons
The next few shells can only have 8 electrons
because it is 2+ charge, this means it is in group 2. The group number dictates h9w many electrons in the outer shell)
Explain why a lithium atom has no charge but when it is in the process of becoming ironically bonded to fluorine it does have a charge
(Use periodic table to help)
An atom of lithium has three protons and three electrons so therefore there is no overall charge as the charges cancel each other out
But then inorder to maintain a full outershell, the lithium atom loses 1 electron from its outershell.
So has a 1+ charge
(Bc Now the number of protons is 1 more than the number of electrons)
